西延高铁黄土滑坡发育成因及工程策略研究  

Research on Development Origin and Engineering Strategy of Loess Landslide of Xi’an-Yan’an High-speed Railway

作　　者：张哲[1,2] Zhang Zhe(China Railway First Survey And Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Railway and Underground Traffic Engineering,Xi'an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [2]陕西省铁道及地下交通工程重点实验室,西安710043

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2022年第3期38-44,共7页Railway Investigation and Surveying

摘　　要：西安至延安高速铁路铜川至延安段区内黄土沟壑纵横,滑坡灾害极其发育,给铁路工程带来极大危害。勘察期间通过野外调查、遥感解译等方法圈定8 000余处滑坡,研究表明,沿线黄土滑坡主要分布在铜川以北的黄土梁峁沟壑区、子午岭低中山区北段及河谷川道两岸斜坡地带,滑坡形态普遍为后缘呈较为规则的圈椅状,滑坡面为顺坡向,以中小型滑坡为主,滑坡堆积黄土具备孔隙比大、饱和度高等特点。随后论述黄土层内滑坡、黄土-基岩顺层滑坡、黄土-基岩切层滑坡的形成原因,结合线路绕避巨大型滑坡及隧道下穿滑坡两个案例,分析沿线滑坡分布特征、发育模式及方案比选期间的选线策略,综合确定适合于西延高铁的铁路选线思路及工程防治策略。Vertical loess gullies, horizontal loess gullies and extremely developed landslides are widely distributed in Tongchuan-Yan’an Section of Xi’an-Yan’an High-speed Railway, which brings great harms to railway engineering. 8 000 landslides were delineated by field investigation, remote sensing interpretation and other methods at survey stage. The research shows that the loess landslides along the route are mainly located at the loess hilly gully area in north of Tongchuan, the northern section of Ziwuling low-middle-mountain area, and the slope area on both sides of the riverway. The morphology of the landslide is generally like a relatively regular round chair shape at the trailing edge. Its surface is along the slope direction, scales of the landslides are mainly small and medium-sized landslides. The accumulated loess of landslide has large void ratio and high saturation. Subsequently, the causes of landslide in the loess layer, landslide along the loess-bedrock layer and landslide along the loess-bedrock layer were discussed. The distribution characteristics, development mode of the landslide and route selection strategy during scheme selection were analyzed based on the two classical cases-bypassing-huge-landslide line and under-passing-landslide tunnel. Railway route selection ideas and engineering prevention strategies suitable for Xi’an-Yan’an High-speed Railway were comprehensively determined at the end.

关 键 词：西延高铁 黄土高原 黄土滑坡 发育成因 工程选线 灾害防治 

分 类 号：U212.22[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U238