压力驱动及电驱动膜法水软化技术研究现状与展望  

Research status and prospect of water softening technology based on pressure-driven and electro-driven membrane processes

作　　者：王进[1] 陈青柏 王建友[1] 李鹏飞 董林 WANG Jin;CHEN Qingbai;WANG Jianyou;LI Pengfei;DONG Lin(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津市跨介质复合污染环境治理技术重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第5期2649-2661,共13页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0404003,2016YFC0400707-2);中央高校科研业务费专项(南开大学,20180017);天津市生态环境治理科技重大专项(18ZXSZSF00050);天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(19YFZCSF00760)。

摘　　要：水的软化处理是将硬水中的Ca、Mg等可溶性盐除去的过程,是脱盐及盐资源化工序的工程化运行和饮用水安全保障过程中至关重要的一环。本文介绍了以分盐型纳滤为代表的压力驱动膜过程和以选择性电渗析为代表的电驱动膜过程在水软化中的基本原理,综述了相关工艺应用于水软化过程的技术研究进展,详细分析了多种膜法水软化系统的技术特点和优劣势,对分盐型纳滤与选择性电渗析进行了对比,并对未来膜法水软化技术的可能研究方向进行了展望。Softening treatment of water is a process to remove calcium,magnesium and other soluble salts in hard water.It is a crucial link in the engineering operation of desalination and salt resource utilization process as well as in the process of drinking water safety guarantee.In this paper,the basic principles of the pressure-driven membrane process represented by salt separation nanofiltration and the electricdriven membrane process represented by selective electrodialysis in water softening were introduced.The research progress of related technologies in water softening process was reviewed.The technical characteristics,advantages and disadvantages of various membrane water softening systems were analyzed in detail.The comparison between salt separation nanofiltration and selective electrodialysis was made,and the possible research directions of membrane water softening technology in the future were prospected.

关 键 词：水软化 膜过程 纳滤 选择性电渗析 新型电驱动膜过程 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]