北京市典型雨水工程污染物去除效果监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of pollutants removal efficiencies of typical rainwater projects in Beijing City

作　　者：凌文翠 李焕利 方瑶瑶 刘桂中 孙长虹 LING Wencui;LI Huanli;FANG Yaoyao;LIU Guizhong;SUN Changhong(National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control,Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environment Protection)

机构地区：[1]北京市生态环境保护科学研究院,国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2022年第3期738-743,共6页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503601);北京市科技计划课题(Z161100004516015);北京市生态环境保护科学研究院基金项目。

摘　　要：为比较不同雨水工程的污染物去除效果,对生物滞留池、植草沟、透水混凝土铺装、透水砖铺装和植被砖铺装5种措施的雨水污染物去除效果进行监测。结果显示:生物滞留池对COD、SS、氨氮和总磷均有较好的去除效果,出水达到GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水质标准,特别是COD和SS的平均去除率分别达82.1%和70.7%;植草沟对氨氮有较好的去除效果,平均去除率达91.3%,但其总磷出水浓度高于进水;透水砖铺装有氨氮释放现象,造成出水氨氮浓度升高;对比3种透水铺装发现,透水混凝土的污染物去除能力综合最优,其对COD、氨氮、总磷和SS的平均去除率分别为57.0%、72.7%、79.4%和82.2%。根据监测结果结合文献报道,认为生物滞留池和透水混凝土铺装具有较好的污染物削减效果,而植草沟对雨水中氨氮的去除具有显著优势。在实际工程应用中,应根据控制目标、成本和污染物去除效能,因地制宜地选择合适的雨水净化措施。In order to compare the pollutant removal effects of different rainwater projects,the rainwater pollutant removal efficiencies of five measurements,including bioretention,grass swale,permeable concrete pavement,permeable brick pavement and vegetation brick pavement,were monitored.The results showed that the bioretention had high removal efficiencies on COD,SS,NH_(3)-N and TP,and the effluent water quality reached ClassⅢstandard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002).Especially for COD and SS,the average removal rates reached 82.1%and 70.7%,respectively.Grass swale had a good removal effect on NH_(3)-N,with an average removal rate of 91.3%.However,TP concentration of effluent was higher than that of influent.The permeable brick pavement released NH_(3)-N,causing an increase of its concentration in the effluent.Comparing the three types of permeable pavements,the pollutant removal ability of the permeable concrete was the best comprehensively,and its average removal rates of COD,NH_(3)-N,TP and SS were 57.0%,72.7%,79.4%,and 82.2%,respectively.According to the monitoring results and literature reports comprehensively,it was found that bioretention and permeable concrete pavement had higher pollutant removal effects,and grass swale had outstanding performance in removing NH_(3)-N from rainwater.In the practical application of rainwater projects,appropriate measurement should be selected according to control objectives,costs and pollutant removal efficiency.

关 键 词：生物滞留池 植草沟 透水铺装 雨水污染物 去除效果 

分 类 号：X820.6[环境科学与工程—环境工程]