碳气凝胶块体材料的构建及其在煤化工精细分离中的应用  

Construction of Carbon Aerogel Monoliths and Their Application in Fine Separation of Coal Chemical Industry

作　　者：刘伟峰[1,2] 赵宗彬 LIU Weifeng;ZHAO Zongbin(Institute of New Carbon Materials,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学新型碳材料研究院,太原030024 [2]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,太原030024 [3]大连理工大学化工学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报》2022年第3期371-381,共11页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51972221,51902222);山西省重点研发计划(国际合作)资助项目(201903D421077);银川市科技局重点计划资助项目(2021ZD08);山西省高等学校科技创新资助项目(2019L0255,2020L0097)。

摘　　要：碳气凝胶是一种具有低密度、大比表面积、丰富的孔隙结构、高导电性、化学稳定性、环境相容性、可调节的表面化学、以及可控结构等特点的三维多孔材料。这些性质使碳气凝胶具有良好的吸附性能,因此其被广泛应用于煤化工中各类污染物的处理。基于此,对碳气凝胶块体材料的构建及其在煤化工精细分离中的应用进行综述。首先,介绍了碳气凝胶的构建策略;其次,综述了碳气凝胶在煤化工精细分离中的应用进展,重点总结了其对煤基液体污染物、煤基固废中高值资源以及煤化工过程产生废气的脱除和回收。最后,给出目前碳气凝胶在煤化工精细分离应用中面临的问题,并对其未来发展方向进行展望。Carbon aerogels are three-dimensional porous materials with low density,large specific surface area,abundant pore structure,high electrical conductivity,chemical stability,environmental compatibility,tunable surface chemistry,and controllable structure.These properties give carbon aerogels excellent adsorption properties.Carbon aerogels are widely used in the treatment of various pollutants in coal chemical industry.Based on this,this paper reviews the construction of carbon aerogel monolithic materials and their application in fine separation of coal chemical industry.First,the construction strategies of carbon aerogels are introduced.Second,the application progress of carbon aerogels in fine separation of coal chemical industry is reviewed.The recovery and removal of high-value resources in coal-based liquid pollutants,solid wastes,and gaseous emissions are summarized.Finally,the present situations,problems,and perspects are analyzed.

关 键 词：碳气凝胶 块体材料 吸附分离 煤化工 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]