饲料中添加椭圆栅藻对异育银鲫中科5号越冬后抗病力的影响  

EFFECTS OF DIETARY SCENEDESMUS OVALTERNUS ON THE DISEASE RESISTANCE OF OVERWINTERING GIBEL CARP(CARASSIUS GIBELIO VAR.CAS V)

作　　者：许文婕 夏雨 朱晓鸣[1] 韩冬[1] 刘昊昆 杨云霞[1] 解绶启[1,2,3] 高宏 金俊琰[1] XU Wen-Jie;XIA Yu;ZHU Xiao-Ming;HAN Dong;LIU Hao-Kun;YANG Yun-Xia;XIE Shou-Qi;GAO Hong;JIN Jun-Yan(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;The Innovative Academy of Seed Design,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院种子创新研究院,北京100101

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2022年第4期457-465,共9页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900200和2018YFD0900605);国家自然科学基金(U19A2041和31972805);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45-09);中国科学院STS项目(44162420-6-KFJ-SW-STS-163)资助。

摘　　要：为探究饲料中添加椭圆栅藻(Scenedesmus ovalternus)是否可以提高越冬期异育银鲫中科5号(Carassius gibelio var.CASⅤ)的免疫力和抗病力,实验在异育银鲫中科5号[初重(109.24±0.23)g]越冬前期(4周)投喂基础饲料或者添加4%椭圆栅藻的饲料,并在越冬结束后用嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)进行攻毒实验,测定其生长、免疫力和抗病力等指标。结果表明在饲料中添加4%椭圆栅藻对中科5号的生长和攻毒后累计存活率无显著性影响(P>0.05)。髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活力在不同饲料处理中无显著性差异,但是栅藻组在攻毒后MPO活力显著升高(P<0.05)。在嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后,中科5号头肾中髓样分化因子88(MyD88)基因表达显著升高,且栅藻组高于对照组(P<0.05)。此外,摄食栅藻饲料的中科5号的Toll样受体4(TLR4)、包含Toll/白介素1的接头蛋白(TIRAP)和包含TIR结构域的IFN诱导连接蛋白(TRIF)基因表达也显著升高(P<0.05),而对照组中无显著性变化(P>0.05)。因此,中科5号摄食栅藻后MyD88依赖性或者MyD88非依赖性介导TLR信号通路可能都被激活以抵御病菌的入侵。综上所述,在饲料中添加4%栅藻可以在一定程度上提高越冬后中科5号的抗病力,可能是通过TLR通路进行调控。Overwintering is a special stage during metabolism and immunity of the fish are suppressed,which often induces high mortality rate in aquaculture.Therefore,it is meaningful to elucidate the immune inhibition in overwintering farmed fish and try to reduce the mortality rate.Microalgae containing highly unsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients,and the previous studies showed that dietary microalgae could enhance the immunity of fish.It was reported that replacement of fishmeal by Arthrospira platensis improved the immunity of gibel carp partly via the toll like receptor 2(TLR2)pathway.The Toll-like receptor(TLR)signaling pathway including the myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)-independent and MyD88-dependent pathways is a key pathway involved in the innate immune response.Gibel carp(Carassius gibelio)is a common economic species in China,and it must face the high mortality rate during winter.Aeromonas hydrophila is a common pathogenic bacterium which could induce high mortality in gibel carp over winter.Scenedesmus ovalternus HSJ296 was reported to have relatively highα-linolenic acid,but there were few reports about its application in aquaculture feed.To investigate the effects of dietary S.ovalternus on the metabolism and disease resistance of overwintering gibel carp(C.gibelio var.CASⅤ),during the early overwintering period,gibel carp[initial body weight of(109.24±0.23)g]were fed with two diets:DS0(containing 0 S.ovalternus)or DS4(containing 4%S.ovalternus)for 4 weeks.During the late overwintering period,all fish were left unfed and then challenged with A.hydrophila.The growth performances,immunity,and disease resistance against A.hydrophila infection in overwintering gibel carp were measured.Plasma immunological and antioxidant indicators including the activities of myeloperoxidase(MPO),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and superoxide dismutase(SOD),and the contents of interleukin 2(IL2),tumor necrosis factorα(TNFα),complement 3(C3),immunoglobulin M(IgM),and malondialdehyde(MDA)were tested.The mRN

关 键 词：椭圆栅藻 越冬 抗病力 嗜水气单胞菌 TLR信号通路 异育银鲫中科5号 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]