运动介导星形胶质细胞功能改善阿尔茨海默病的病理机制  

Mechanisms of Exercise Intervention Improving Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease by Modulating Astrocytes

作　　者：王璟 赵娜[1,2] 夏杰[1,2] 张晨斐[1,2] 徐波[1,2] WANG Jing;ZHAO Na;XIA Jie;ZHANG Chenfei;XU Bo(Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学“青少年健康评价与运动干预”教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2022年第5期29-39,共11页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(40500-20103-222139);国家自然科学基金项目(31571225)。

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's Disease,AD)是一种起病隐匿、进行性发展的神经退行性疾病,其病因尚不明确,β-淀粉样蛋白(amyloid-β,Aβ)毒性及其在细胞外聚集形成的淀粉样斑块、神经系统的炎症反应和葡萄糖代谢紊乱是AD的主要诱因和病理表现。星形胶质细胞作为中枢神经系统中数量最多、形态最复杂、功能最丰富的细胞类型之一,在Aβ代谢、神经炎症反应和葡萄糖代谢紊乱等方面发挥着重要作用,是调控AD病理发展的重要因素,成为预防和缓解AD的新靶点。运动作为AD介入研究的主要方式之一,可通过改善星形胶质细胞Aβ代谢异常、炎症反应和葡萄糖代谢紊乱,对预防和缓解AD病理发挥重要作用。阐述星形胶质细胞在运动改善AD病理中的作用机制,为运动预防、缓解AD的发生和进展提供理论依据和新的研究思路。Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease with insidious onset characterizing clinically by chronic and progressive dementia,personality change and mental disorder.Without clear cause,AD is regarded as a disease induced by multiple factors,such as Aβcascade,neuro-inflammation and glucose metabolism disturbance,and so on.Astrocytes,as the most number,richest functions and variety of structure cell-style in the central nervous system(CNS),plays key roles in Aβmetabolism,neuroinflammation and glucose metabolism disturbance,becoming the crucial target to prevent or postpone the AD.Physical exercise can improve AD via multiple aspects as an important treatment or intervention to astrocytes.The present review elaborates the mechanisms among AD,astrocytes and physical exercise in order to provide new views to prevent and alleviate AD.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 星形胶质细胞 运动 Β-淀粉样蛋白 炎症反应 葡萄糖代谢 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]