6~14岁肥胖儿童的体成分特点  

Characteristics of body compositions in obese children aged 6 to 14 years

作　　者：夏露露[1] 闫洁[1] 杨文利[1] 栗达[1] 潘长鹭 齐可民[1,2] XIA Lu-lu;YAN Jie;YANG Wen-li;LI Da;PAN Chang-lu;QI Ke-min(Department of Clinical Nutrition,Beijing Children′s Hospital,Capital Medical University&National Center for Children′s Health,Beijing 100045,China;Laboratory of Nutrition and Development,Beijing Pediatric Research Institute,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]国家儿童医学中心暨首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院临床营养科,北京市100045 [2]北京市儿科研究所营养与发育研究室,北京市100045

出　　处：《广西医学》2022年第5期530-534,共5页Guangxi Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81800750)。

摘　　要：目的分析6~14岁肥胖儿童的体成分特点。方法纳入636名6~14岁肥胖儿童,均行体格测量和体成分分析。比较各年龄段不同性别肥胖儿童之间体成分指标的差异,并分析肥胖儿童的体质指数与各体成分指标的相关性,以及相对肌肉量与相对蛋白质量、年龄与相对四肢肌肉量的相关性。分析青春期前和青春期肥胖儿童的体成分变化。结果(1)在14岁年龄段,女生的身体脂肪百分比(PBF)和脂肪质量指数(FMI)均高于男生,女生的相对总水分和相对肌肉量均低于男生(均P<0.05);在13~14岁年龄段,女生的基础代谢率(BMR)均低于男生(均P<0.05)。(2)肥胖儿童的体质指数与体脂肪、PBF、FMI、内脏脂肪面积(VFA)、BMR均呈正相关,与相对总水分、相对蛋白质、相对无机盐、相对肌肉量均呈负相关(均P<0.05)。随着相对蛋白质量的增加,肥胖儿童的相对肌肉量增加(P<0.05);随着年龄增长,肥胖儿童的相对四肢肌肉量增加(P<0.05)。(3)与青春期前男生相比,青春期男生的体质指数、FMI、VFA均增加;与青春期前女生相比,青春期女生的体质指数、PBF、FMI、VFA均增加,相对肌肉量减少(均P<0.05)。结论6~14岁的肥胖儿童的体成分随年龄增长呈动态变化,但男女生的体成分存在差异。对肥胖儿童进行体成分检测,有利于提供个体化饮食干预和运动方式指导,更好地控制体重,减少成年期慢性病的发生。Objective To analyze the characteristics of body compositions in obese children aged 6 to 14 years old.Methods A total of 636 obese children aged 6 to 14 years old were enrolled and underwent physical examinations and body composition analyses.The body composition indicators were compared between obese boys and girls in different age groups.In addition,the correlations between body mass index and various body composition indicators,as well as the correlations between relative lean muscle mass and relative protein quality and between age and relative extremities lean muscle mass,were analyzed in obese children.Variances in body compositions were analyzed in prepubescent and pubescent obese children.Results(1)In the 14-year-old age group,girls exhibited higher percentage of body fat(PBF)and fat mass index(FMI)and lower relative total body water(TBW)and relative lean muscle mass than boys(all P<0.05);in the 13-14-year-old group,girls yielded a lower basal metabolic rate(BMR)than boys(all P<0.05).(2)Among obese children,body mass index positively correlated with body fat,PBF,FMI,visceral fat area(VFA),and BMR,but negatively correlated with relative total water,relative protein,relative inorganic salt,and relative lean muscle mass(all P<0.05).The relative lean muscle mass of obese children rose with the increasing relative protein quality(P<0.05);the relative extremities lean muscle mass of obese children rose with the increasing age(P<0.05).(3)Compared with prepubescent boys,pubescent boys had increased body mass index,FMI,and VFA;compared with prepubescent girls,pubescent girls exhibited increased body mass index,PBF,FMI,and VFA as well as decreased relative lean muscle mass(all P<0.05).Conclusion Body compositions present age-dependent dynamic changes in obese children aged 6 to 14 years,but there is differences in the body compositions between boys and girls.Performing the body composition detection on obese children might facilitate providing individualized diet intervention and exercise mode guidance,preferably

关 键 词：肥胖 儿童 体成分 青春期 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]