超疏水不锈钢网双面复合电刷镀制备法及其油水分离应用  

Superhydrophobic Stainless Steel Mesh Prepared by Double-sided Composite Electroplating and Its Application in Oil-Water Separation

作　　者：金亦辉 潘维浩 周瑜阳 黄柳 宋金龙[1] 孙玉文[1] JIN Yi-hui;PAN Wei-hao;ZHOU Yu-yang;HUANG Liu;SONG Jin-long;SUN Yu-wen(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Liaoning Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第5期363-373,共11页Surface Technology

基　　金：大连理工大学基本科研业务费重点基地平台科研专题项目(DUT21LAB120)。

摘　　要：目的采用双面复合电刷镀法制备一种超疏水不锈钢网,并实现油水分离。方法搭建双面复合电刷镀试验装置,将不锈钢网依次进行预处理、刷镀过渡镀层、刷镀工作镀层和低表面能改性处理,得到超疏水性能良好的不锈钢网。研究刷镀电压、刷镀时间、刷镀速度和刷镀温度等参数对不锈钢网微结构和润湿性的影响。借助光学接触角测量仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等分析测试设备,对制备的不锈钢网的表面润湿性、微观形貌、元素组成和油水分离性能等进行测试分析。结果双面复合电刷镀工艺能够在不锈钢网表面形成均匀分布的花椰菜状微/纳米级粗糙结构,镀层的主要成分为镍,并含有微量纳米二氧化硅。在刷镀液温度为25℃、刷镀速度为8 m/min条件下,以15 V的刷镀电压刷镀3 min,超疏水不锈钢网的接触角达到159°,滚动角为7°。制备的不锈钢网具有优异的油水分离性能,对正己烷、二氯甲烷等多种油水混合物的分离效率达到95%以上,且分离纯度较高。结论采用双面复合电刷镀工艺可简单快速地获得双面超疏水不锈钢网,制备的超疏水不锈钢网能高效地分离多种油水混合物,在海洋溢油清理等领域有良好的应用前景。This work aims to develop a double-sided composite electroplating process for preparing superhydrophobic stainless steel mesh to achieve oil-water separation. A set of self-assembled double-sided composite electroplating setups was established. The stainless steel mesh was sequentially subjected to pre-treatment, electroplating of transition coating, electroplating of working coating, and low surface energy modification, and the stainless steel mesh with good superhydrophobicity was then obtained. The influences of the electroplating parameters including the electroplating voltage, electroplating time, electroplating speed, and electroplating temperature on the surface microstructures and wettability of the stainless steel mesh were investigated. The surface wettability, surface morphologies, chemical compositions and oil-water separation performance of the as-prepared stainless steel mesh were tested and analyzed by contact angle meter, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transforms infrared spectrum. Cauliflower-like micro/nano rough structures were uniformly formed on the surface of the stainless steel mesh by using the double-sided composite electroplating process. The main components of the electroplating coating were nickel and contains traces of silica nanoparticles. Under the conditions of electroplating temperature of 25 ℃ and electroplating speed of 8 m/min, the contact angle and rolling angle of the superhydrophobic stainless steel mesh were fabricated by electroplating 3 min under 15 V voltage reached 159° and 7°,respectively. The prepared superhydrophobic stainless steel mesh had excellent oil-water separation performance, and the separation efficiencies for hexane, dichloromethane and other oil-water mixtures were larger than 95% and the separation purity is high. The superhydrophobic double-sided stainless steel mesh could be easily and conveniently fabricated by the double-sided composite electroplating process. The superhydrophobic stainless steel m

关 键 词：电刷镀 镍镀层 超疏水 超亲油 不锈钢网 油水分离 

分 类 号：TQ153[化学工程—电化学工业]