植物单宁在精细化工中的应用进展  

Application Progress of Vegetable Tannin in Fine Chemical Industry

作　　者：周雷 黄迎春 彭志远[1] Zhou Lei;Huang Yingchun;Peng Zhiyuan(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学化学化工学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《山东化工》2022年第8期71-74,共4页Shandong Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760196);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ4508)。

摘　　要：植物单宁是富含多酚结构的天然高分子,其普遍存在于植物的各部位。单宁由于拥有抗菌、抗氧化、与蛋白质结合以及与金属离子结合等性质,及其分子结构易改性的特点,使其成为一类重要的精细化学品。本文综述了单宁或改性单宁用作木材防腐剂、絮凝剂、缓蚀剂、表面活性剂、印染剂和阻燃剂等精细化学品的研究进展。对植物单宁进行分离、分级处理,充分利用植物单宁的生理活性、紫外吸收特性和生物大分子的高反应活性的特点开发具有特殊功能的精细化学品,不仅能够增加单宁的使用范围,而且也是单宁资源实现高值化应用的一条重要途径。Vegetable tannin is a natural polymer compound with rich polyphenol structure,which is widely exists in all parts of plants.Tannin has become an important class of fine chemicals due to the easily modified molecular structure and the properties of antibacterial,antioxidant,combining with protein and complexing with metal ion.In this paper,the research progress of tannin or modified tannins as wood preservatives,flocculants,corrosion inhibitors,surfactants,textile auxiliaries,flame retardants and other fine chemicals is reviewed.Tannin is separated and graded,and fine chemicals with special functions will be developed from tannin by making full use of the characteristics of physiological activity,ultraviolet absorption and high reactivity of biological macromolecules of plant tannins,and the application field of tannin can be broadened,which will be an important way to realize the high value utilization of tannic resources.

关 键 词：单宁 木材防腐剂 絮凝剂 缓蚀剂 表面活性剂 印染剂 阻燃剂 

分 类 号：TQ04[化学工程]