离心泵空化诱导噪声研究进展  

Research progresses on cavitation induced noise of centrifugal pump

作　　者：司乔瑞[1] 廖敏泉 邱宁[1] 梁赟 袁建平[1] 袁寿其[1] SI Qiao-rui;LIAO Min-quan;QIU Ning;LIANG Yun;YUAN Jian-ping;YUAN Shou-qi(Research Center of Fluid Machinery and Engineering Technology,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学流体机械及工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013 [2]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《船舶力学》2022年第5期761-773,共13页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51976079,51806082);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2019059);中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M661745)。

摘　　要：本文从离心泵空化水动力学实验测量、离心泵空化水动力学数值模拟、离心泵空化流动的声响应特性、离心泵流动诱导噪声激励机制以及离心泵空化诱导噪声抑制五个方面对离心泵空化诱导噪声研究现状和存在的问题进行总结与技术展望,认为:离心泵空化涡动-声响应之间的关系仍存在许多不明之处,且缺乏对非定常空化流动中两种尺度现象的综合分析;空化数值模拟未充分考虑离心泵内部流动的旋转、瞬态和非线性等特点,需要在实验的基础上对现有空化模型和LES湍流模式进行修正;离心泵流场、结构场、声场之间的能量转换机制仍未明晰,多场同步测量技术在离心泵空化研究方面的应用仍有待拓展,空化噪声测试的干扰因素较多,基于EMD方法的声信号去噪处理技术在非平稳和非线性的空化噪声研究中潜力巨大;流-固-声耦合作用的声边界条件法能够对空化噪声进行准确的预测;仿生设计、超空化泵和碟片式圆盘泵的开发是抑制离心泵空化、降低系统空化噪声的研究前沿。In this paper,the research on cavitation-induced noise of centrifugal pumps was summarized from five aspects:the experimental measurement of cavitation hydrodynamics of centrifugal pump,the nu⁃merical simulation of cavitation hydrodynamics of centrifugal pump,the acoustic response characteristics of centrifugal pump cavitation flow,the excitation mechanism of centrifugal pump flow-induced noise and the suppression of centrifugal pump cavitation-induced noise.The research status and existing problems were summarized and the technical prospects were made.It is demonstrated that the relationship between the cavi⁃tation vortex-acoustic response of centrifugal pumps is still unclear,and there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of two-scale phenomena in unsteady cavitation flow.The characteristics of rotation,transient and nonlinearity of the internal flow of the centrifugal pump were not fully considered in the cavitation numerical simulation.It is necessary to modify the existing cavitation model and the LES turbulence model on the basis of experiments.The energy conversion mechanism among the centrifugal pump flow field,structure field and sound field is still vague,and the application of multi-field synchronous measurement technology in the study of centrifugal pump cavitation still needs to be expanded.Besides,there are many interference factors in the cavitation noise test,and the acoustic signal denoising processing technology based on the EMD meth⁃od has a great potential in the study of non-stationary and nonlinear cavitation noise.The acoustic boundary condition method of fluid-solid acoustic coupling can accurately predict cavitation noise.The development of bionic design,super-cavitation pump and disc-type disc pumps are the research frontiers in suppressing cavitation in centrifugal pumps and reducing system cavitation noise.

关 键 词：离心泵 空化 实验测量 数值模拟 声响应特性 噪声激励机制 噪声抑制 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]