云南洞密蛛的种群遗传结构初探  

A Preliminary Study on Population Genetic Structure of Trogloneta yunnanense

作　　者：刘世梁 林玉成[1,2] LIU Shiliang;LIN Yucheng(Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都610065 [2]四川大学生命科学学院,四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《四川动物》2022年第3期256-263,共8页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31972870,31772410)。

摘　　要：云南洞密蛛Trogloneta yunnanense(Song&Zhu,1994)是生活在云贵高原的一种洞穴蜘蛛。本文基于6个洞穴种群159只个体样本的线粒体COⅠ基因,初步探讨了该物种的种群结构和遗传多样性特征。研究结果表明:1)159个样本共检测到16个单倍型,种群间无共享单倍型,遗传多样性呈现出总体高、种群内低、单倍型多样性高、核苷酸多样性低的模式;2)种群间遗传分化极显著,种群内变异小,种群间F_(ST)值均在0.9以上(P<0.01),种群间基因流小(Nm=0.01),种群间变异占总变异的95.75%,种群内变异仅占4.25%;3)中性检验和核苷酸错配分布检验显示,云南洞密蛛未经历种群扩张,群体大小保持稳定。推测洞穴隔离和地下极端环境条件可能维持着云南洞密蛛的种群规模稳定,同时促进其种群间的遗传分化。Trogloneta yunnanense(Song&Zhu,1994)is a cave-dwelling spider that lives on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.To explore the population structure and genetic diversity of T.yunnanense,a preliminary study was carried out on the mitochondrial COⅠ gene sequences of 159 individual specimens from 6 cave populations.The results showed that:1)sixteen haplotypes were detected in 159 individuals,and no haplotypes were shared among the populations.The patterns of genetic diversity were high in general,low within each population,high in haplotype diversity,and low in nucleotide diversity;2)The genetic differentiation of T.yunnanense was significant among populations,and little variation within each population.The F_(ST) values between populations were above 0.9(P<0.01)with weak gene flow(Nm=0.01).The inter-population variation accounted for 95.75% of the total variation,while the intra-population variation accounted for only 4.25%;3)The results of neutral test and nucleotide mismatch distribution test showed that T.yunnanense did not experience population expansion,and the population size remained stable.It is speculated that cave isolation and extreme subterranean environmental conditions may contribute to maintaining the stability of the population sizes and promoting the genetic differentiation among populations of T.yunnanense.

关 键 词：云南洞密蛛 COⅠ基因 单倍型 基因流 种群遗传分化 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：Q959.22[生物学—动物学] Q953.1