利用红外相机对四川小河沟自然保护区兽类和鸟类资源的初步监测  

Preliminary Investigation on Mammal and Bird Resources Using Camera Traps in the Xiaohegou Nature Reserve,Sichuan

作　　者：宋政 代军 陈娇 张洪 汤晓波 鄢蜀歧 严勇 杨旭 杨彪 李生强 SONG Zheng;DAI Jun;CHEN Jiao;ZHANG Hong;Tang Xiaobo;YAN Shuqi;YAN Yong;YANG Xu;YANG Biao;LI Shengqiang(Xiaohegou Nature Reserve Adiministrative Bureau,Pingwu,Sichuan Province 622550,China;Chengdu Xing-Ai Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610051,China;Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education),China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan Province 637002,China;Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda Science,Chengdu 610057,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]四川小河沟自然保护区管理处,四川平武622550 [2]成都兴艾信息技术有限公司,成都610051 [3]西华师范大学,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637002 [4]四川省大熊猫科学研究院,成都610057 [5]广西师范大学,广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《四川动物》2022年第3期321-332,共12页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

摘　　要：2008年4月—2017年12月,在四川小河沟自然保护区布设290台次红外相机,累计19084个有效相机工作日,共识别出兽类4目12科18种,鸟类6目14科41种,包括4种国家一级和18种国家二级重点保护野生动物。小麂Muntiacus reevesi、中华斑羚Naemorhedus griseus、毛冠鹿Elaphodus cephalophus、岩松鼠Sciurotamias davidianus和野猪Sus scrofa的相对多度指数和网格占有率为兽类前5位;红腹角雉Tragopan temminckii、红腹锦鸡Chrysolophus pictus、紫啸鸫Myophonus caeruleus、红嘴蓝鹊Urocissa erythrorhyncha和橙翅噪鹛Trochalopteron elliotii的相对多度指数和网格占有率为鸟类前5位。同时记录到凤头鹰Accipiter trivirgatus、灰翅鸫Turdus boulboul、星鸦Nucifraga caryocatactes、灰眶雀鹛Alcippe davidi、灰头雀鹛Fulvetta cinereiceps和黄嘴栗啄木鸟Blythipicus pyrrhotis 6种保护区新记录。不同海拔和植物群落类型下,单个相机位点获得的鸟类物种数无显著差异,而兽类物种数存在极显著差异(不同海拔:χ^(2)=23.784,df=3,P<0.001;不同植物群落类型:χ^(2)=18.938,df=3,P<0.001)。整体上看,中间海拔段(1700~2700 m)和常绿、落叶阔叶混交林中拍摄到的兽类物种数较多。保护区不同功能区中的兽类与鸟类物种数不存在显著差异(兽类:χ^(2)=1.029,df=2,P=0.598;鸟类:χ^(2)=0.528,df=2,P=0.768)。本研究为保护区积累了重要的本底资料。From April 2008 to December 2017,camera traps were installed to investigate the diversity of mammals and birds in the Xiaohegou Nature Reserve,Sichuan.A total of 290 camera traps were set up,with an intensive survey of 19084 efficient camera days at 256 efficient camera sites covering 87 km^(2),a total of 38465 photos and 11068 videos,and 3772 independent effective records were obtained.A total of 59 species belonging to 26 families and 10 orders,including 4 orders,12 families and 18 species of mammals,6 orders,14 families and 41 species of birds,were identified.Among all,4 species were the classⅠnationally key protected wild animals and 18 species were the classⅡnationally key protected wild animals.Based on the relative abundance index and grid occupancy,Reeves'muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi),Chinese goral(Naemorhedus griseus),tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus),Pere David's rock squirrel(Sciurotamias davidianus),wild boar(Sus scrofa)were ranked as the 5 most abundant mammal species,while Temminck's tragopan(Tragopan temminckii),golden pheasant(Chrysolophus pictus),blue whistling thrush(Myophonus caeruleus),red-billed blue magpie(Urocissa erythrorhyncha),Elliot's laughingthrush(Trochalopteron elliotii)were ranked as the 5 most abundant bird species.Six bird species including crested goshawk(Accipiter trivirgatus),grey-winged blackbird(Turdus boulboul),spotted nutcracker(Nucifraga caryocatactes),David's fulvetta(Alcippe davidi),grey-hooded fulvetta(Fulvetta cinereiceps)and bay woodpecker(Blythipicus pyrrhotis),were found to be the new records in the reserve.There was no significant difference in the number of bird species recorded in a single site under different elevations and different plant community types,but the number of mammal species recorded in a single site differed significantly among elevations(χ^(2)=23.784,df=3,P<0.001)and among plant community types(χ^(2)=18.938,df=3,P<0.001).On the whole,there were more mammal species in the middle elevation(1700-2700 m)and mixed forest of evergreen and deciduous

关 键 词：小河沟自然保护区 红外相机 兽类 鸟类 相对多度指数 网格占有率 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学]