圈养雌性大熊猫发情及排卵监测方法论述及展望  

Discussion and Prospect of Monitoring Methods for Estrus and Ovulation of Female Giant Pandas in Captive

作　　者：杨波 赖燕舞 周强 成美玲 唐丹 程建斌 李果 周应敏 罗波 张贵权 黄炎 YANG Bo;LAI Yanwu;ZHOU Qiang;CHENG Meiling;TANG Dan;CHENG Jianbin;LI Guo;ZHOU Yingmin;LUO Bo;ZHANG Guiquan;HUANG Yan(China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda,Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province 611830,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals,Giant Panda National Park,Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province 611830,China)

机构地区：[1]中国大熊猫保护研究中心,四川都江堰611830 [2]大熊猫国家公园珍稀动物保护生物学国家林业和草原局重点实验室,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《四川动物》2022年第3期348-360,共13页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：《大熊猫重引入调查评估》项目;中国大熊猫保护研究中心“2018科研年项目”(CCRCGP181915)。

摘　　要：国内外专家学者为监测圈养雌性大熊猫Ailuropoda melanoleuca的发情程度和排卵时间,进行了大量多学科研究,方法学的研究重点为对大熊猫的适时配种有实际指导意义。生物化学、微生物学、光谱化学和组织学等领域的研究方法,由于学科关联度低、研究深度不够、费用较高、测试时间较长等缺点,对实践指导作用有限,仅可作基础性研究。而行为学、细胞学和内分泌学等监测方法的应用更多、成效更高。大量实践也证实了通过发情行为、外阴形态、阴道细胞角化率和雌激素监测可以取得较高的受孕率,获得较好的监测效果。综合运用行为、外阴形态与雌激素监测是目前最常用的手段。本文旨在介绍圈养雌性大熊猫发情鉴定和排卵监测方法的研究进展,论述各方法的实践效果,并探讨新方法的研究方向,以期更好把握大熊猫发情配种时机。Experts and scholars all over the world have carried out a large number of researches in different fields,in order to objectively monitor estrus and predict the ovulation time of female giant pandas(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)in captive.Methodological researches always focus on whether it can provide practical guidance for the timely breeding of giant pandas.Because of low correlation,insufficient researches,higher cost,longer testing time,and so on,researches of biochemistry,microbiology,spectrochemistry and microanatomy do not provide practical guidance,and are still in the basic stage.In comparison,behavioral,cytological and endocrinological methods are applied more widely and more effectively.It is still possible to obtain high accuracy of natural mating and artificial insemination by estrus behavior,vulva surface states,keratinization rate of vaginal cells and estrogen level to ensure a high conception rate.Furthermore,that comprehensively apply methods on behavior,vulva and estrogen become the most common method at the present stage.This article aimed to introduce the research progress of estrus identification and ovulation monitoring on each method of female giant pandas in captive.Meanwhile,we discussed the effectiveness of each method and the research direction of the new method to provide some helpful references for mating time of giant pandas.

关 键 词：大熊猫 发情 排卵 监测方法 

分 类 号：S814[农业科学—畜牧学]