青海省2011至2020年尘肺病流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：史桂梅 雷红彦[2] 马晓明 Shi Guimei;Lei Hongyan;Ma Xiaoming(Department of Public Health,Medical College,Qinghai University,Xining 810001,China;Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学医学部公共卫生系,西宁810001 [2]青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁810007

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2022年第3期200-203,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析青海省尘肺病流行病学特征,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法于2021年4月,通过职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统,监测2011至2020年青海省尘肺病发病情况,分析尘肺病三间分布、病种构成和接尘工龄等特征。结果青海省2011至2020年新诊断尘肺病1026例,以矽肺和煤工尘肺为主(78.36%,804/1026);壹期病例484例(47.17%,484/1026);病例主要集中在西宁市、海东市和海西州3个地区,分别为359例(34.99%,359/1026)、315例(30.70%,315/1026)和252例(24.56%,252/1026);采矿业628例(61.21%,628/1026);大型规模用人单位418例(40.74%,418/1026);矽肺病例接尘工龄短于煤工尘肺和其余尘肺(P<0.05)。结论青海省尘肺病区域、行业聚集性明显,加强重点地区行业用人单位的监督管理,保障劳动者健康权益。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2020,and to provide a basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategy.Methods In April 2021,the cases of pneumoconiosis were monitored by the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Factors Monitoring Information System in Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2020.The distribution of pneumoconiosis,the composition of diseases and the working years exposed to dust were analyzed.Results All 1026 cases of pneumoconiosis were newly diagnosed in Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2020,silicosis and coal worker pneumoconiosis were the main diseases(78.36%,804/1026).StageⅠpneumoconiosis were 484(47.17%,484/1026)cases.359(34.99%,359/1026)cases,315(30.70%,315/1026)cases and 252(24.56%,252/1026)cases had been diagnosed respectively in Xining City,Haidong City and Haixi Prefecture;628(61.21%,628/1026)cases and 418(40.74%,418/1026)cases engaged in mining industry and large-sized enterprise,respectively.The working years exposed to dust in silicosis cases were shorter than that in coal worker pneumoconiosis and other pneumoconiosis(P<0.05).Conclusion The pneumoconiosis area and industry focus in Qinghai Province is obvious.The supervision and adninistration of small and micro scale employers should be strengthened to protect the health rights and interests of workers,especially for the key area and industry.

关 键 词：尘肺 青海省 流行病特征 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]