吉林森工集团隐性失业测算与影响因素分析——基于生产函数角度的研究  

Calculation and Analysis of the Hidden Unemployment of Jilin Forest Industry Group——From the Perspective of C-D Production Function

作　　者：曹娟娟 王玉芳 曹博 李静[3] CAO Juanjuan;WANG Yufang;CAO Bo;LI Jing(Commercial College,Shanghai DianJi University,Shanghai 200036;Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Green Development Science and Technology Strategy Research,Institute of Economics and Resource Management,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;College of Economics and Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040)

机构地区：[1]上海电机学院商学院,上海200036 [2]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院城市绿色发展科技战略研究北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [3]东北林业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业经济》2022年第1期17-33,共17页Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“基于生态功能区建设的国有林区社会经济转型问题研究”(编号:11CJY021);黑龙江省哲学社会科学基金“供给侧结构改革背景下林业产业政策优化研究”(编号:18GLB021)。

摘　　要：“政企分开”体制改革与生态保护政策实施的双层因素引发了吉林森工集团“隐性失业”问题,聚焦该问题对后期解决林区剩余劳动力、有效配置劳动力具有重要意义。文章以失业理论为基础,采用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数测算了吉林森工集团隐性失业人数以及隐性失业率,研究结果显示:吉林森工集团隐性失业人数在2011-2019年期间呈先上升再下降趋势。在此基础上,进一步分析吉林森工集团隐性失业产生的主要原因,具体有3个方面:(1)宏观层面实施的一系列生态建设政策刺激且加剧了吉林森工集团隐性失业;(2)中观层面利用希克斯中性理论探讨吉林森工集团转型过程中对资本存量以及技术创新的劳动力人数需求量,其中资本存量对劳动力具有吸收作用,技术创新对劳动力具有释放作用,但技术创新释放的劳动力人数大于资本存量吸收的劳动力人数;(3)微观层面利用供求理论来分析,生态保护政策的实施使得吉林森工集团原木供给减少,进而减少了劳动力的需求量,但实际劳动力供给量没有改变,因此产生过剩的劳动力即隐性失业。通过对吉林森工集团隐性失业分析,可为今后林区解决“富余”人员分流、转岗、再安置等问题提供参考,合理引导该林区充分就业,缓解林区各类矛盾冲突。The"separation of government and enterprise"system reform and the implementation of environmental protection policies have produced the"hidden unemployment"problem of Jilin Forestry Industry Group.Based on the unemployment theory,this paper used the C-D production function to measure the hidden unemployment of Jilin Forestry Industry Group.The research results showed that the hidden unemployment of Jilin Forestry Industry Group increased first and then decreased during the period from 2011 to 2019.On this basis,the reasons for the hidden unemployment problem of Jilin Forestry Group were further analyzed and the three main reasons were as follows:(1)At the macro level,implementing the ecological construction and policies stimulated and aggravated the hidden unemployment problem of Jilin Forestry Industry Group.(2)At the meso level,this paper used the Hicks neutral theory to analyze the labor effect of Jilin Forestry Industry Group,capital stock affected absorbing labor,and technological innovation affected releasing labor.The labor released by technological innovation was more than the labor absorbed by capital stock.(3)At the micro level,this paper used supply and demand theory to analyze the hidden unemployment problem.Implementing the environmental protection policy reduced the supply of logs of Jilin Forest Industry Group,thereby reducing the demand for labor,but the actual labor supply did not change,so the surplus labor was called hidden unemployment.Jilin Forestry Industry Group’s hidden unemployment analysis could provide a reference for the forest areas to solve the labor problems,reasonably guide the forest areas to full employment,and alleviate various conflicts and conflicts in the forest area.

关 键 词：吉林森工集团 隐性失业 柯布-道格拉斯生产函数 

分 类 号：F326.5[经济管理—产业经济] F272.92