两种民主理念与中国的民主过程  

Two Concepts of Democracy and the Democratic Process in China

作　　者：储建国 Chu jianguo(College of Public Administration and Humanities,Dalian Maritdme University)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学公共管理与人文艺术学院

出　　处：《当代中国与世界》2022年第1期32-42,128,共12页Contemporary China and World

摘　　要：本文认为,就理念层面而言,民主可以分为“道心民主”和“人心民主”,或“公意民主”和“众意民主”两种类型。民主之所以是人类共同的价值,其核心的含义就是以实现“人民的公共利益”为核心目标,这是中西方比较一致的传统。然而,西方现代民主逐渐偏离了这个目标,将民主局限于个人意志的简单汇总这条线路上,并进一步限制于通过投票选举少数治理者的方式上。中国的民主理念始终坚持了民主的核心目标,并在民主过程上努力将人民公共利益的维护与人民具体意见的表达有机地结合起来。在探讨这种结合的过程中,本文围绕衡量民主的“八项标准”,合乎逻辑地揭示了党的领导过程与人民参与过程相辅相成的关系。在适应新科技发展潮流的过程中,中国可以利用自身的政治优势,在人民公共利益的维护与人民具体意见的表达上实现更好的协调。The meaning of democracy is not complex and diverse.At the conceptual level,it can be divided into“democracy of the principle”and“democracy of the people”,or“democracy of the public”and“democracy of the majority”.The core meaning of democracy as a common human value is the realization of“public interests of the people”,which is a relatively consistent tradition in both China and the West.Modern Western democracy has however gradually departed from this goal,confning itself to the simple aggregation of individual wills and further restricting itself to the election of a small number of governing individuals by means of voting.The Chinese concept of democracy has always adhered to the core objective of democracy and has endeavored to organically combine the defense of public interests of the people with the expression of their specific opinions in the democratic process.In exploring this combination,this paper logically reveals the complementary relationship between the process of Party leadership and the process of popular participation,based on the“eight criteria”for evaluating democracy.In the process of adapting to new technological developments,China can use its political strengths to achieve better coordination between the defense of public interests of the people and the expression of their specifc opinions.

关 键 词：比较政治 民主政治 民主理论 全过程人民民主 

分 类 号：D621.5[政治法律—政治学]