新疆结核病防治模式初探及展望  

Preliminary discussion and prospect of mode of tuberculosis prevention and control in Xinjiang

作　　者：王新旗[1] 依帕尔·艾海提[1] 王森路 刘年强[1] 赵珍[1] 岳锡宏[1] WANG Xin-qi;AIHAITI Yipaer;WANG Sen-lu;LIU Nian-qiang;ZHAO Zhen;YUE Xi-hong(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Xinjiang 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2022年第2期11-16,共6页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：新疆南疆地区结核病防治服务体系综合评价与关键技术研究(2017A03006-1)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2011—2020年新疆结核病流行现状及趋势,总结工作经验,为今后进一步完善防治模式提供思考与展望。方法 从传染病报告信息管理系统和结核病管理信息系统中导出2011—2020年新疆结核病疫情资料,整理现场工作数据,以描述流行病学方法分析资料。结果 新疆结核病“三个最大”的防治模式,即最大程度地发现患者、最大限度地扩大干预工作覆盖面和最大程度地提高治疗工作质量,是控制结核病疫情的有效模式,也是落实“政府领导、部门各负其职、全社会广泛参与”结核防治机制的具体体现;新疆实施该模式后,发现患者的方式、数量和治疗管理水平均得到大幅提升,各项工作指标尤其是国家结核病防治“十三五”规划中11项防控指标明显提高,肺结核病患者病原学阳性率从2016年的21.25%上升至2020年的57.94%,耐多药肺结核高危人群耐药筛查率从2016年的50.37%上升至2020年的97.80%,地/市级定点医疗机构具备开展结核病分子生物学诊断能力的比例从2016年的14.29%上升至2020年的100.00%,县级医疗机构的比例从2016年的23.40%上升至2020年的100.00%,均达到或高于国家要求的目标。结论新疆结核病“三个最大”的防治模式是结合新疆具体情况并具有创新性和可复制性,但也存在疫情反弹后,公众不理解和获得性耐药患者增加两种风险,新的防治模式仍需不断完善和充实。Objective To analyze the current situation and epidemic trend of tuberculosis in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2020,summarize the preventing and controlling experience,and provide thinking and prospect for perfecting the mode of prevention and control in the future.Methods The epidemic information of tuberculosis in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2020were exported from the infectious diseases reporting and information management system and the tuberculosis management information system.The data of site work was collated and analyzed with descriptive epidemiology method.Results The "Three Max" of tuberculosis prevention and control mode in Xinjiang was to maximum the extent of finding tuberculosis patients,maximize the coverage of intervention work and improve the quality of the treatment to the greatest extent.It was the mode for effectively controlling the tuberculosis epidemic,and also the concrete manifestation of the implementation of the tuberculosis prevention and control mechanism with "government leading,departments taking charge of each responsibilities and all society extensively participating".After the implementation of the model in Xinjiang,the finding way,number and the level of treatment and management of the patients were greatly improved,and all work indicators,especially the 11 indicators for prevention and control among the 13th Five-Year Plan of national tuberculosis prevention and control were significantly improved.The etiological positive rate of tuberculosis patients increased 21.25% in 2016 to 57.94% in2020.The screening rate of drug resistance in the high risk population with multidrug resistance increased from 50.37% in2016 to 97.80% in 2020.The proportion of the municipal level medical institutions with the ability of molecular biological diagnosis increased from 14.29% in 2016 to 100.00% in 2020.The proportion of county-level medical institutions increased from 23.40% in 2016 to 100.00% in 2020,and reaching or exceeding the national target value both.Conclusions The "Three Max" of tuberculosis prevent

关 键 词：结核病 防治模式 探讨 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]