神农架植物物种空间周转的驱动因素  

Driving factors of spatial turnover of plant species in Shennongjia

作　　者：李艳辉 兰天元 王月 于洋[4] 赵常明[1] 李利华 徐文婷[1] 申国珍[1,2] Yanhui Li;Tianyuan Lan;Yue Wang;Yang Yu;Changming Zhao;Lihua Li;Wenting Xu;Guozhen Shen(State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Baotou Rural Pastoral Area Management and Information Service Center,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014030;China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijing 100012)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]内蒙古包头市农村牧区经营管理和信息服务中心,内蒙古包头014030 [4]中国环境监测总站,北京100012

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第4期24-32,共9页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台项目“国家生态系统观测研究网络平台”(2005DKA10300)。

摘　　要：揭示区域物种组成随环境梯度的变化规律,掌握物种多样性的周转过程及其与环境的耦合关系,是理解物种多样性形成的生态过程的核心,也是生物多样性保护和保护地网络构建的科学基础。神农架是众多古老、孑遗和特有植物的关键栖息地,也是全球落叶木本植物最丰富的地区之一。然而,我们对影响神农架植物物种周转并形成镶嵌格局的驱动因素知之甚少。本研究基于对神农架长期系统的植物群落物种调查数据,通过广义相异模型(GDM)和偏回归分析等方法,分析了气候差异、地理距离、人为干扰等因素对神农架植物物种周转的驱动效应。结果表明,随着年均温(MAT)、≥0℃积温、≥10℃积温差异和地理距离增大,植物β多样性显著增加,而年均降水量(MAP)、距离道路距离及森林破碎化等人为干扰因素对植物β多样性无显著影响。地理距离、气候差异和人为干扰分别解释了物种相异性变异的28.75%、34.56%和12.55%,其交互作用解释了变异的8.52%。地理距离、气候差异和人为干扰共同解释了物种相异性变异的43.47%。综上,地理距离和温度分异是驱动神农架植物物种空间周转过程的关键因素。保护海拔梯度上植被的垂直带谱及复杂多样的地貌异质性,是维持神农架物种周转生态过程的关键,也是神农架国家公园建设乃至鄂西北保护地网络构建应关注的重点。Aims: Shennongjia is one of the key habitats for numerous relic, rare, endemic, and type species, as well as many of the world’s deciduous woody species in the Northern Hemisphere. Understanding plant compositional differences(beta-diversity) between local species assemblages is central in understanding the processes that maintain Shennongjia’s species diversity. Yet, little is known about which factors driving the changes in Shennongjia’s plant composition. Here,we aim to investigate that how the taxonomic composition of plant species shifts with environmental gradients, and to determine the key factors affecting on the current distribution of species by considering the factors of environment and human disturbance.Methods: In this paper, based on generalized dissimilarity modelling(GDM) and partial regression analysis, we explored the driving effects of geographical distance, climatic factors, and human disturbance(measured as distance to road and fragmentation) on plant beta-diversity in Shennongjia.Results: The results showed that the geographical distance, mean annual temperature(MAT), accumulated temperature ≥ 0℃ and accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ are the main factors contributing to plant species turnover in Shennongjia. Geographical distance, climatic difference, and human disturbance explained 28.75%, 34.56% and 12.55% of the variation in plant species dissimilarities, respectively, and their interactions explained 8.52% of the variation. Geographical distance, climatic difference, and human disturbance together explained 43.47% of the variation. Conclusion: The results indicated that geographical distance and temperature differentiations were the key factors driving plant compositional changes between local species assemblages in Shennongjia. Protecting vegetation vertical band spectrum and diverse geomorphologic heterogeneities are the key to maintain the ecological process of species turnover in Shennongjia, and are also the primary focus of the construction of Shennongjia National Park an

关 键 词：环境异质性 beta多样性 物种周转 破碎化 神农架 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]