果园多风机风送喷雾机聚风筒聚风特性的试验研究  

Experimental research on the characteristics of wind converging duct of an air-assisted sprayer in orchard

作　　者：边永亮 李建平[1] 杨欣[1] 陈春皓 吕林硕 吕孟宽 BIAN Yongliang;LI Jianping;YANG Xin;CHEN Chunhao;LV Linshuo;LV Mengkuan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第5期39-50,共12页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201100);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2018100205);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-27);河北省教育厅在读研究生创新能力培育项目(CXZZSS2021073)。

摘　　要：针对传统果园多风机风送喷雾机存在风能利用率低,出风口到靶标之间喷雾四散飘移的问题,对风机配置聚风筒(直筒式、渐缩式、渐开式)的风送喷雾系统的聚风喷雾性能进行研究。通过对聚风筒风场进行仿真模拟,设计对标试验确定了仿真模型与计算的可靠性。设计单因素试验和响应面参数优化试验分析风筒类型、聚风筒长度和风机转速对聚风特性的影响并确定聚风筒的最佳参数设计组合。试验结果表明:有聚风筒的风送喷雾系统对雾滴的胁迫作用明显显著优于无风筒的,且呈现了较好的聚风雾化作用,渐缩式风筒的性能尤为明显;气流集中性能由高到低排序为渐缩式、直筒式、渐开式、无风筒,聚风筒胁迫雾滴的横向穿透性能由高到低为渐缩式、直筒式、渐开式;风筒长度在30~70cm范围内,长度越长,聚风性能越好;随着转速呈倍数的增加,风场速度峰值也呈倍数增加,转速的改变不影响速度峰值的位置。聚风筒最佳参数设计组合为风筒类型为渐缩式,风筒长度为70cm,风机转速1440r/min,此组合下的风速为4.156m/s,风场纵向幅宽为1585.32mm。In view of the low utilization rate of wind energy in the traditional orchard multi-fan air-assisted sprayer and the scattered and drifted spray effect from the fan port to the target,the performances of the wind converging of the airassisted spray system equipped with different types of wind converging ducts(straight type,tapered type,gradual opening type)are studied.The reliability of the simulation model and calculation is determined by the simulation of the wind converging duct wind field and the design of benchmarking tests.Single factor test and response surface parameter optimization test are performed to analyze the influence of the type of wind converging duct,length of the wind converging duct,and speed of the fan on the characteristics of the air collector.The optimal design combination of the parameters of wind converging duct is also determined.The results show that:The air-assisted spray system with a wind-collecting tube has a significantly better stress effect on the droplets than the one without a wind tube.It shows a better wind-converging effect,and the performance of the tapered wind tube is particularly obvious;The order of airflow concentration performances from high to low is tapered wind duct,straight cylinder wind duct,involute wind duct,and no wind duct.The horizontal penetration performance of the coercive mist droplets from high to low is tapered duct,straight duct,and involunte duct;The length of the air duct is within the range of 30-70cm.The longer the length of the wind converging duct is,the better the wind gathering performance is;When the speed increases by multiples,the peak wind field speed also increases by multiples,and the change of speed does not affect the location of the peak speed.In conclusion,the optimal parameters design combination of the wind are as follows:The wind converging duct type is tapered wind duct type,the length of the windduct is 70cm,the fan speed is 1440r/min,the wind speed under this combination is 4.156 m/s,and the longitudinal width of the wind fie

关 键 词：风送喷雾机 轴流风机 聚风筒 风送系统 正交试验 响应面法 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]