我国紫花苜蓿土壤有效磷丰缺指标与推荐施磷量  

Abundance and deficiency index of soil available P and the recommended P application rates for alfalfa in China

作　　者：孙洪仁[1] 王显国[1] 卜耀军[2] 吕林有 赵艳 高凯[4] 张玉霞[4] 刘庭玉[4] SUN Hongren;WANG Xianguo;BU Yaojun;LV Linyou;ZHAO Yan;GAO Kai;ZHANG Yuxia;LIU Tingyu(College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;Liaoning Institute of Sandy Land Improvement and Utilization,Fuxin 123000,China;College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,Tongliao 028000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [3]辽宁省沙地治理与利用研究所,辽宁阜新123000 [4]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第5期199-215,共17页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-35)。

摘　　要：为建立我国紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)测土推荐施肥系统,本研究检索了我国紫花苜蓿施肥研究相关文献,提取其中的土壤有效磷含量、施磷处理和缺磷处理产草量数据,采用零散试验数据整合法和养分平衡-地力差减法新应用公式,研究了东北平原、黄淮海平原、内蒙古高原、黄土高原、西北荒漠绿洲和南方地区等六大自然区域和全国紫花苜蓿土壤有效磷丰缺指标及推荐施磷量。结果表明:我国紫花苜蓿土壤有效磷(Olsen-P)第1~10级指标依次为≥40.3、19.7~40.3、9.6~19.7、4.7~9.6、2.3~4.7、1.2~2.3、0.6~1.2、0.3~0.6、0.2~0.3和<0.2mg/kg;当紫花苜蓿目标产量9~27t/hm^(2)、磷肥利用率20%时,有效磷丰缺级别第1~10级土壤的推荐施磷量依次为0、27~81、54~162、81~243、108~324、135~405、162~486、189~567、216~648和243~729kg/hm^(2)。本研究建立的紫花苜蓿土壤有效磷丰缺指标推荐施肥系统,可为我国紫花苜蓿测土施磷提供依据。To lay a theoretical basis for alfalfa soil testing and fertilizer recommendation in China,this study retrieved literature on alfalfa fertilization in China,extracted soil available P(SAP),the forage yields with P fertilizer treatment and without P fertilizer treatment.The scattered experimental data integration method and the new formula based on nutrient balance were employed to investigate the abundance and deficiency index(ADI)of SAP and the recommended P application rates(RPAR)for alfalfa in the six great natural regions,which were Northeast plain,Huanghuaihai plain,Loess plateau,Inner Mongolia plateau,Northwest desert oasis,South region,and whole China.The results showed that:The ADI of soil Olsen-P for alfalfa in whole China from the 1^(st)to 10^(th) level were≥40.3,19.7-40.3,9.6-19.7,4.7-9.6,2.3-4.7,1.2-2.3,0.6-1.2,0.3-0.6,0.2-0.3and<0.2mg/kg,respectively;To achieve the yield target of alfalfa 9-27t/hm^(2)and the P fertilizer use efficiency 20%,the RPAR for the SAP abundance and deficiency levels of from 1^(st) to 10^(th) were 0,27-81,54-162,81-243,108-324,135-405,162-486,189-567,216-648 and 243-729kg/hm^(2),respectively.This study established a system to recommend phosphorus application rates for alfalfa in China based on ADI of SAP and provided scientific basis for soil testing and fertilizer recommendation for alfalfa in China.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 测土施肥 土壤有效磷 丰缺指标 施肥指标 施肥量 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] S159[农业科学—农业基础科学]