时间限制与时间压力下的信息行为研究综述  

A Review of Information Behavior Studies Under Time Constraints and Time Pressure

作　　者：王馨悦 刘畅[1] Wang Xinyue;Liu Chang(Department of Information Management,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学信息管理系,北京100871

出　　处：《图书情报工作》2022年第9期141-151,共11页Library and Information Service

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目"学习型搜索中用户交互行为与学习效果关系研究"(项目编号:18BTQ090)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]时间是信息行为中普遍存在的情境因素,然而将时间视为稀缺资源,探讨其对信息行为影响的研究较为零散。本研究梳理信息行为领域中对时间限制和时间压力影响的相关研究,总结时间限制与时间压力对信息行为的作用和影响,以加深对时间因素的理解,呼吁信息行为领域对时间的关注。[方法/过程]在阅读与筛选近10年相关领域研究的基础上,本研究系统性归纳与总结时间限制与时间压力对信息行为的影响,着重梳理时间限制与时间压力在不同类型的信息行为过程中的角色。[结果/结论]研究发现,时间限制与时间压力会对任务完成过程中的信息行为(包括搜索、浏览与撰写行为)、无明确任务下的信息偶遇行为和信息决策行为均产生影响。未来研究者应厘清时间限制、时间压力及其相关概念边界,明确时间压力测量标准,同时关注时间压力积极作用。[Purpose/Significance]Time is a universal background factor in information behaviors.However,studies on the impact of time in information behaviors from the perspective of time as a scarce resource are relatively scattered.In order to deepen the understanding of time factors and call for the attention to time in the field of information behavior,this paper summarizes the relevant research on the influence of time constraints and time pressure in the field of information behavior and summarizes the effects of time constraints and time pressure on information behaviors.[Method/Process]Based on reading and selecting related researches in the past ten years,this paper systematically summarized the effects of time constraints and time pressure on information behaviors,and focused on sorting out the roles of time constraints and time pressure in different types of information behavior processes.[Result/Conclusion]It is found that time constraints and time pressure can influence information behaviors(include searching,browsing and writing)in the process of task completion as well as information encountering without specific tasks and information decision.Future researchers should be aware of the conceptual boundaries of time constraints,time pressure and related concepts,clarify the measurement standards of time pressure,and address the positive effects of time pressure.

关 键 词：时间压力 时间限制 信息行为 信息搜索 信息浏览 信息偶遇 信息决策 

分 类 号：G252[文化科学—图书馆学]