苏北平原河流生态水位确定与保障措施研究  

Ecological Water Level Determination and Safeguard Measures for Rivers in Northern Jiangsu Plain

作　　者：王振祺 方红远[1] 许广东[2] 朱晔 王铖洁 WANG Zhenqi;FANG Hongyuan;XU Guangdong;ZHU Ye;WANG Chengjie(College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Suqian Branch of Jiangsu Province Hydrology and Water Resources Investigation Bureau,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏省水文水资源勘测局宿迁分局,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第5期36-42,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：2021年江苏省水利科技项目(2021050)。

摘　　要：为获得平原河网河流生态状态管控对策措施,并构建完善的生态流量管控长效机制,需要运用有效方法计算河道生态流量(水位)阈值;针对苏北平原河网区总六塘河的客观环境及其运行管理实际情况,将其分为上、中、下游3段分别分析各河段生态水位控制状态,并依据苏北平原河网区河流的水文特性、水动力特征以及水文实测资料条件等,运用90%年最低水位法、湿周法、最小月平均水位法、生存最小水深法等方法分别计算河流中游段的生态水位阈值;通过河道运行管理实际方案的对比分析,综合确定河流上、中、下游3段生态水位目标值分别为17.40、8.96、7.50 m;基于综合分析法获得的河道生态水位控制值,并结合河道实际运行管理状况,从构建完善可行的生态流量管控制度、加快生态流量和取水量信息监测系统与生态水位目标保障预警系统建设、加强河湖生态流量(水位)落实情况监督考核等方面提出了河流生态水位(流量)目标维护的具体保障实施措施。Effective methods of calculating the threshold of river ecological flow(water level)need to be employed to obtain measures of controlling the ecological state of rivers in a plain river network and to build a robust long-term mechanism of ecological flow control.The Zongliutang River in the river network area of Northern Jiangsu Plain is divided into upper,middle,and lower reaches according to its objective environment and its actual operation and management situation.Then,the controlling condition of the ecological water level of each reach is analyzed respectively.Considering the hydrological characteristics,hydrodynamic characteristics,and observed hydrological data conditions of rivers in this river network area,several methods are utilized to calculate the ecological water level threshold of the middle reach of the river respectively.Those methods include the annual minimum water level method with a 90%guarantee rate,the wetted perimeter method,the minimum monthly average water level method,and the lowest survival water depth method.Through the comparative analysis of actual river operation and management schemes,the ecological water level targets of the upper,middle,and lower reaches of the river are comprehensively determined as 17.40 m,8.96 m,and 7.50 m respectively.After the control value of the ecological water level of the river is obtained by comprehensive analysis,the actual operation and management situation of the river is taken into account to propose specific safeguard measures for maintaining the ecological water level(flow)target of the river from multiple perspectives.Some of the measures are constructing a robust and feasible ecological flow control system,accelerating the construction of an information monitoring system of ecological flow and water intake and an early warning system safeguarding the ecological water level target,and strengthening the supervision and assessment of the implementation of river and lake ecological flows(water levels).

关 键 词：河流生态水位 阈值 生态水位计算法 保障措施 苏北平原河流 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]