基于熵权云模型评价法的省级考核断面水质评价与对比  

Water Quality Evaluation and Comparison of Provincial Assessment Sections Based on Evaluation Method by Entropy-Weighted Cloud Model

作　　者：马聪聪 刘登峰[1] 黄强[1] 杨志勇[2] 潘保柱 林木[3] MA Congcong;LIU Dengfeng;HUANG Qiang;YANG Zhiyong;PAN Baozhu;LIN Mu(State Key Laboatory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi an University of Technology,Xi an 710048,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;School of Statistics and Mathematics,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [3]中央财经大学统计与数学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第5期50-59,74,共11页Pearl River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51779203、51939009)。

摘　　要：水环境系统拥有随机性和模糊性,20世纪90年代提出的云模型可以灵活地实现数据和概念的转换,因此逐渐应用在水质评价;水质评价问题本质是一个多属性分类问题,欧式距离可以很好地表征多属性问题,其在水质评价中也开始应用。为比较变权欧式距离法及熵权云模型评价法在水质评价中的优劣性,依托陕西省渭河、汉江、丹江3条主要河流2020年水质监测数据,采用变权欧式距离法和熵权云模型评价法综合评价3条河流40个断面的地表水环境质量。结果表明:研究区域内水质状况良好,70%以上的站点水质达到Ⅲ类水。污染较为严重的断面主要分布在渭河支流,主要污染物控制指标为化学需氧量和氨氮。As the water environment system is random and fuzzy,and the cloud model proposed in the 1990s can flexibly realize the conversion of data and concepts,the model is gradually applied in water quality evaluation.Water quality evaluation is essentially a multi-attribute classification problem,and the Euclidean distance can well characterize the multi-attribute problem,which is also gradually applied in water quality evaluation.To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the variable-weighted Euclidean distance method and the evaluation method by the entropy-weighted cloud model in water quality evaluation,we utilize the water quality monitoring data of three major rivers in Shaanxi Province in 2020,i.e.,Weihe River,Hanjiang River,and Danjiang River.Specifically,we evaluate the environmental quality of surface water in 40 cross-sections of the three rivers using the above two methods.The results reveal that the water quality in the study area is good,and the water quality in more than 70%of the sites reaches ClassⅢ.The seriously polluted cross-sections are mainly located in the tributaries of Weihe River,and the main pollutants are chemical oxygen demand(COD)and ammonia nitrogen.

关 键 词：单因子评价法 变权欧式距离法 熵权云模型综合评价法 水质评价 水质变化趋势 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]