吕珎胡书——对中国国家图书馆藏西域文书BH1-17于阗语文书的释读  

"Lu Zhen Hu Shu"——An examination and interpretation of the Khotanese scripts "BH1-17" in the Western Regions Documents collection of National Library of China

作　　者：段晴[1] Duan Qing

机构地区：[1]北京大学东方文学研究中心

出　　处：《西域研究》2022年第2期73-88,170,171,共18页The Western Regions Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国人民大学藏唐代西域出土文献整理与研究”(项目编号:20&ZD250)之阶段性研究成果;国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项“敦煌藏经洞及和田地区出土于阗语文书释读与研究”(项目编号:20VJXT013)的支持。

摘　　要：中国国家图书馆藏编号BH1-17的于阗语文书,简称吕珎胡书。这一件出自782年到784年之间的文书,那是郭昕镇守安西的时期。以差科制度获得补给,成为那个时代安西镇军能够长期坚守的保障之一。差科是唐代的税制,其内涵不能与于阗语指代“差科”的hira一词完整吻合,造成误解。吕珎胡书的主旨,在于向当地人解释什么是差科,并命令杰谢人派出力役等。本文公布了国图藏BH1-17的照片,将该文书翻译成汉语,针对文书中出现的人名、地名做了分析,并对文书的词句几乎进行了逐行注释。本文认为:吕珎胡书涉及安西四镇的最高首领,涉及唐代于阗王国的重要地望,例如镇守军的媲摩守捉,以及杰谢,即现在距离策勒县以北约90公里之处的丹丹乌里克。文书所涉及的人物、事件层次分明,对于揭示8世纪后20年唐朝镇守军的供给机制,与当地社会的关系等,均提供了重要第一手素材。通过对吕珎胡书用词用句的分析,本文取得了在于阗语研究领域的新认知。The Khotanese scripts numbered " BH1-17" in the National Library of China,referred to as " Lu Zhen Hu Shu". This document is from the period between 782 to 784,when Guo Xin was guarding Anxi. Obtaining supplies through the Chaike system became one of the guarantees that the Anxi Town Army could stick to for a long time in that time. Chaike is the taxation system of the Tang Dynasty,and its connotation cannot be completely matched with the Khotanese word " Hira",then resulting in misunderstanding. The main purpose of Lu Zhen Hu Shu was to explain to the locals what a Chaike was meant and to order the Jiexie people to send out military service. This paper has published the photos of BH1-17 stored in the National Library,translated the scripts into Chinese,analyzed the names of the people and places that appeared in the scripts,and annotates the words and phrases in the document almost line by line. This paper argues that: Lu Zhen Hu Shu involves the highest leaders of the four towns in Anxi,including the important locations of the Khotan Kingdom in the Tang Dynasty,such as the location of the guarding army’s Pime Shouzhu and Jiexie,which is the Dandan Uiliq,about 90 kilometers north of Cele County now. The characters and events involved in the document are clearly structured,and they provide important primary materials for revealing the supply mechanism of the Tang Dynasty garrison troops in the last 20 years of the 8th century and their relationship with the local society.

关 键 词：差科 镇守军 吕珎胡书 杰谢 媲摩 

分 类 号：F812.942[经济管理—财政学]