新疆史前火葬墓研究  

Prehistoric Cremation in Xinjiang

作　　者：王艺霖 Wang Yilin

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院考古文博系

出　　处：《西域研究》2022年第2期89-98,171,共11页The Western Regions Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“欧亚视野下的早期中国文明化进程研究”(项目编号:18ZDA172)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新疆史前火葬墓的出现和衰落与早期东西方文化交流息息相关。青铜时代的火葬墓源于安德罗诺沃文化的火葬传统,集中分布在新疆西部。随着彩陶文化的西进和安德罗诺沃文化的衰落,早期铁器时代火葬墓数量锐减,焚烧尸骨的葬俗逐步退出历史舞台,但是丧葬行为中对火的使用却以焚烧物品的方式延续。推测火葬个体可能拥有特殊的社会身份或地位。当时人们可能将火视为生死之间的纽带,希望通过火葬将逝者的灵魂“净化”后送往冥界,体现了重视灵魂的丧葬观。The emergence and decline of prehistoric cremation burials in Xinjiang are closely related to the early cultural exchanges between East and West.The cremation burials of the Bronze Age originate from the tradition of the Andronovo culture and are concentrated in the western Xinjiang area.Along with the advancement westward of the painted pottery culture and the decline of the Andronovo culture,the number of cremation burials in the early Iron Age dropped sharply,and the mortuary custom of burning corpses gradually disappeared,but the use of fire in funeral behaviors continued in the way of burning objects.It is speculated that cremated individuals may have a special social identity or status.At that time,people may regard fire as the link between life and death,hoping to"purify"the soul of the deceased and send it to the underworld through cremation,which reflects the burial concept that attaches great importance to the soul.

关 键 词：新疆 史前 火葬墓 安德罗诺沃文化 丧葬观念 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]