柔性液态金属材料的硬核科技——从应用基础研究到颠覆性技术突破  

Flexible Liquid Metal Materials as Core Technology:on the Relationship between Basic Research and Disruptive Technological Breakthroughs

作　　者：饶伟[1] 李达 王大洲 Rao Wei;Li Da;Wang Dazhou(Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Humanities,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京100049

出　　处：《工程研究（跨学科视野中的工程）》2021年第4期303-314,共12页JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING STUDIES

基　　金：中国科学院办公厅政策调研课题(ZYS-2021-09)。

摘　　要：液态金属及其衍生材料是近年来异军突起的新兴功能物质,一系列突破性发现已经催生出诸多全新的材料创制与应用,被视为人类利用金属的第二次革命。中国科学院理化技术研究所团队通过对液态金属物质材料属性及独特的物理化学行为的系统研究,创建了全新的科学理论,并在液态金属热管理技术、先进制造、生命健康以及柔性机器等重大领域取得了颠覆性技术突破。室温液态金属散热首项专利、液态金属增材制造首项装备、液态金属生物医学首项应用、液态金属柔性机器首篇论文等,均出自理化技术研究所,可以说液态金属物质科学与技术应用都是由中国定义的。本文通过对该项研究工作进行系统梳理,旨在探究基础研究激发颠覆性创新的机制,以期能为我国相关科技政策的制定提供借鉴。Liquid metals and their derived materials are emerging functional substances in recent years.A series of breakthrough discoveries have led to the creation and application of many new materials,which are regarded as the second revolution in the use of metals.A team from the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,has created a brand new scientific theory through systematic research on the material properties and unique physical and chemical behavior of liquid metal materials,and made disruptive technological breakthroughs in liquid metal thermal management technology,advanced manufacturing,life and health,flexible machines and other important fields.The first patent of liquid metal cooling at room temperature,the first equipment of liquid metal additive manufacturing,the first application of liquid metal biomedicine,and the first paper of liquid metal flexible machine all came from this team.It can be said that liquid metal material science and technology applications are all defined by China.Through a systematic review of this research work,this paper aims to explore the mechanism of basic research to stimulate disruptive innovations,in order to provide reference for the formulation of relevant science and technology policies in China.

关 键 词：液态金属 应用基础研究 颠覆性技术 

分 类 号：T09[一般工业技术]