诱变育种技术在大豆育种与基因挖掘中的应用现状及展望  

Application Status and Prospect of Mutation Breeding Technology in Soybean Breeding and Gene Mining

作　　者：张金波 夏善勇[1] 王永斌[1] 谭巍巍[1] 李赵博 肖辉 韩新春 刘昭军[1] ZHANG Jin-bo;XIA Shan-yong;WANG Yong-bin;TAN Wei-wei;LI Zhao-bo;XIAO Hui;HAN Xin-chun;LIU Zhao-jun(Institute of Biotechnology,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop and Livestock Molecular Breeding of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150028,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agriculture Science,Harbin 150086,China;Agriculture Bureau of Aihui District in Heihe,Heihe 164300,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院生物技术研究所/黑龙江省作物与家畜分子育种实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150028 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]黑河爱辉区农业局,黑龙江黑河164300

出　　处：《大豆科学》2022年第2期222-227,共6页Soybean Science

基　　金：黑龙江省科研院所科研业务费(CZKYF2021-2-C018);黑龙江省“百千万”工程(2019ZX16B01);黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目(2019SJ002,HNK2019CS01-10,2017BZ12,2017BZ04);国防科工局核能开发科研项目(核辐射作物品种改良与害虫防控)。

摘　　要：植物诱变育种能够创造许多优异变异资源,诱变获得的突变体可以作为种质材料,为大豆新品种培育提供丰富的资源;构建的突变体库也有助于大豆功能基因组研究的开展,可为特定性状的研究提供遗传材料。本文介绍诱变育种技术在大豆生长特性、品质和抗性改良育种中的应用,分析利用诱变突变体库进行大豆生长特性、品质性状改良和抗性相关基因挖掘的研究进展,介绍诱变技术与其他生物技术相结合发掘目的基因的应用现状,并展望今后大豆诱变育种技术在基因挖掘方面的应用前景,以期能更好地运用诱变育种技术推动大豆遗传研究和品种选育。Plant mutation breeding can create many excellent mutation resources.The mutants obtained by mutation can be used as new germplasm materials and provide rich resources for the cultivation of new soybean varieties.The mutant library also contributes to the study of soybean functional genome and provides genetic materials for the study of specific traits.On the one hand,this review introduced the application of mutation breeding technology in soybean growth characteristics,quality and resistance improvement breeding,and analyzed the research progress of using mutant library to mine soybean growth characteristics,quality traits and resistance related genes.On the other hand,this review introduced the application status of mutation technology combined with other biotechnology to explore target genes.Finally,this review looked forward to the application prospect of soybean mutation breeding technology in gene mining in the future,in order to use mutation breeding technology better to promote soybean genetic research and variety selection.

关 键 词：大豆 诱变 育种 基因挖掘 生物技术 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]