稻田增氧对水稻根系形态生理特征的影响  

Effects of Oxygen-increasing Pattern in Paddy Fields on Rice Root Morph-physiological Traits

作　　者：徐冉 胡倩 褚光[1] 陈松[1] 徐春梅[1] 刘元辉 莫红华 章秀福[1] 王丹英[1] XU Ran;HU Qian;CHU Guang;CHEN Song;XU Chunmei;LIU Yuanhui;MO Honghua;Zhang Xiufu;Wang Danying(China National Rice Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology,Hangzhou 311400,China;Yibin University,Yibin,Sichuan 644000,China;Yimin Agricultural Production Service Cooperative,Hangzhou 311100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所/水稻生物学国家重点实验室,杭州311400 [2]宜宾学院,四川宜宾644000 [3]益民农业生产服务合作社,杭州311100

出　　处：《中国稻米》2022年第3期1-5,共5页China Rice

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LQ19C130008);浙江省“三农六方”项目(2020SNLF011);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2017RG004-5);国家水稻产业技术体系项目(CARS-01)。

摘　　要：以甬优1540和春优927为试验材料,于2020年开展田间试验,研究了稻田增氧对水稻根系形态与生理特征的影响。结果表明,与CF处理(常淹灌溉)相比,OP处理(稻田增氧)可显著提高水稻产量7.6%~8.7%;同时改善了水稻根系形态与生理特征。主要表现为:提高了齐穗期与灌浆期水稻的根质量与根长密度、增加了根系吸收表面积与活跃吸收表面积;增强了灌浆期水稻的根系氧化力、根系伤流液强度,提高了根系伤流液中的玉米素与玉米素核苷含量。同时,OP处理还改善了地上部植株生理活性,提高了灌浆期水稻剑叶净光合速率以及籽粒中蔗糖合成酶与腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶活性。以上结果说明,稻田增氧可以改善水稻根系形态与生理特征,促进根-冠生长发育,进而提高水稻产量。Using Yongyou 1540 and Chunyou 927 as test materials,we carried out a field trial in 2020,to explore the effects of oxygen-increasing pattern in paddy fields on rice root morph-physiological traits.The results showed that compared with CF treatment(continuous flooding),OP treatment(topdressing calcium peroxide)significantly increased grain yield by 7.6%~8.7%;meanwhile,it improved rice root morphological and physiological traits,such as increased rice dry weight,root length density,root total absorbing surface area and active absorbing surface area at heading time and mid-grain filling period,and increased root oxidation activity,root bleeding rate and content of cytokinins(zeatin+zeatin riboside)in root bleeding during grain filling period.Meanwhile,OP significantly increased photosynthetic rate of the flag leaf and activities of sucrose synthase and adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase in grains during grain filling period.The above results indicate that increasing oxygen in paddy fields can improve morphological and physiological traits of rice root,promote root-shoot growth,and increase grain yield.

关 键 词：水稻 稻田增氧 根系形态与生理特征 产量 

分 类 号：S511.06[农业科学—作物学]