季冻区积雪覆盖下非饱和土壤水分运移规律研究  

Study on Unsaturated Soil Water Transport Under Snowpack in Seasonal Frozen Region

作　　者：李慕蓉 卞建民[1,2] 聂思雨 阮冬梅 LI Mu-rong;BIAN Jian-min;NIE Si-yu;RUAN Dong-mei(Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;College of New Energy and Environment,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;College of Water Conservancy&Environment Engineering,Changchun Institute of Technology,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室,长春130021 [2]吉林大学新能源与环境学院,长春130021 [3]长春工程学院水利与环境工程学院,长春130012

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2022年第5期20-25,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0409103);吉林省科技厅重点项目(20190303076SF)。

摘　　要：季冻区普遍存在的积雪覆盖和冻融循环过程会导致包气带土壤水分运移更加复杂。针对上述现象,设计并开展了积雪-冻融耦合作用下非饱和土壤原位观测试验和室内土柱观测试验,探究不同深度、不同积雪覆盖条件对土壤水分运移的影响,定量计算融雪入渗量。结果表明:积雪覆盖下土壤水分运移受气象条件、积雪条件、土壤深度、土壤温度及盐分等因素综合影响;厚层、高密度积雪对土壤保温效果好,融化锋面更深、推移更快;雪层厚度增大2倍融雪入渗量是自然雪层入渗量的2倍,雪层密度增大2倍融雪入渗量是自然积雪入渗量的1.22倍。因此,合理改变积雪密度,可以影响季冻区融雪与冻融过程中包气带水分入渗补给,达到合理利用土壤水资源的目的。The prevalence of snowpack and freeze-thaw cycles in the seasonal freeze zone will lead to more complex soil moisture transport in the unsaturated zone. In view of the above phenomenon, this paper designed and carried out unsaturated soil in-situ observation experiment and in-lab soil column observation experiment under the coupling effect of snowpack and freezing-thawing to explore the influence of different depths and different snowpack conditions on soil water transport, and then quantitatively calculated the change rule of snowmelt infiltration under the change of snowpack conditions. The results showed that: soil water transport under snowpack was affected by meteorological conditions, snow, depth, soil temperature and salinity, etc;Thick, high-density snow had a good effect on soil insulation,melting fronts are deeper and faster;When the thickness of the snowpack increased by 2 times, the snowmelt infiltration at this time was 2times of the natural snowmelt infiltration, when the snow layer density increased by 2 times, the snow melt infiltration was 1.22 times of the natural snow density. Therefore, a reasonable change in snow density can affect the infiltration of water recharge in the seasonal freeze zone and achieve the purpose of reasonable use of soil water resources.

关 键 词：季冻区 积雪覆盖 非饱和土壤 水分运移 融雪入渗量 雪层厚度 雪层密度 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程] P641[农业科学—农业工程]