马克思成本价格和生产价格范畴创新研究  

Innovation on Category of Marx’s Cost Price and Production Price

作　　者：安帅领[1] An Shuailing(Institute of Economics,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学经济研究所,河南开封475004

出　　处：《洛阳师范学院学报》2022年第4期60-64,共5页Journal of Luoyang Normal University

摘　　要：马克思在《资本论》第三卷阐述价值转为生产价格理论时提出了成本价格范畴进一步考察的课题,同时也认为这一考察课题对于研究成本价格小于价值和生产价格课题以及对于资本家的生产目的来讲是没有必要的,从而不必进行深入分析。但是,成本价格若以商品价值为基础进行计算,首先会引起成本价格范畴本身的误差,其次会引起生产价格范畴的误差,再次会引起平均利润率计算的误差。这些问题的初步解决必须紧紧依据马克思的产业资本竞争理论、产业资本转移理论、商品供求不平衡理论、市场价格波动理论和两大部类交换理论,重新探索成本价格范畴和生产价格范畴的含义。成本价格范畴不能以价值为基础进行计算,而应该以价值的一定比例的改变为基础进行计算;生产价格不等于成本价格(以价值为基础)+平均利润,而应该等于商品价值的按一定比例的改变。In the third volume of Das Kapital,Marx put forward a further investigation of the category of cost price when he elaborated the theory of value transformation into production price.At the same time,he also believed that this investigation was not necessary for the study of cost price less than value or production price,and the purpose of capitalist production,so there was no need for in-depth analysis.But if the cost price is calculated on the basis of commodity value,first of all,it will cause the error of the cost price category itself.Secondly,it will cause the error of production price category.Finally,it can lead to calculation error of average profit margin.Preliminary solution to these problems must be made on the basis of Marx’s theories of industry capital competition,industry capital transfer,commodity supply and demand imbalances,market price fluctuation,and the theory of exchange between two large classes,to reexplore the meaning of cost price category and production price category.Cost price category should not be calculated on the basis of the value,rather,it should be based on the change of the value in a certain percentage;production price is not the cost price(on the basis of the value)plus average profit,instead,it should be the value of the goods changed in a certain proportion.

关 键 词：资本竞争 成本价格 生产价格 平均利润率 创新 

分 类 号：F014[经济管理—政治经济学] F091.91