ATP前100名单打运动员职业规律分析  

An Analysis of the Professional Development of Top 100 ATP Singles Players

作　　者：李广[1] 邹志兵[1] 张旺[1] 洪运逸 Li Guang;Zou Zhibing;Zhang Wang;Hong Yunyi(Xiangsihu College of GuangXi University for Nationalities,NanNing 530008,GuangXi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学相思湖学院,广西南宁530008

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2022年第5期12-16,20,共6页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(项目编号:2020KY56011);广西民族大学相思湖学院科研课题(项目编号:2019YJKY35)。

摘　　要：对1973-2018年网球男子单打世界排名前100运动员的国籍、转职业年龄、达到最高排名年限、保持高水平年限、身体形态和技术特点进行分析与研究,结果表明:在1973-2018年40多年的网球发展历程中,运动员转职业年龄趋向更年轻化;达到最高排名年限呈现增长趋势,运动员需要更长的时间磨炼才能达到职业的巅峰;运动员保持高水平的平均年限为4.8年;最高排名和身高、体重和克托莱指数之间存在显著正相关,但属于极低级别相关;克托莱指数与身高有极高级别相关,身高与体重有高度级别相关。不同排名运动员的身高、体重和克托莱指数存在显著差异(P<0.05);世界网球发展格局极不均衡,世界五大洲中欧洲和美洲占有绝对优势地位,大洋洲紧随其后,非洲和亚洲处于较为弱势地位,世界网球竞技优势从20世纪90年代开始由美洲逐渐转向欧洲;左利手运动员在网球中存在一定优势。The nationalities,ages of turning pro,numbers of years of achieving the top ranking,numbers of years of keeping excellent performance,body shapes and technical features of the world’s top 100 men’s singles tennis players between 1973 and 2018 were analyzed and studied.The findings suggested that during more than 40 years of tennis development between 1973 and 2018,the age of athletes turning pro became younger and younger;the number of years of achieving the top ranking increased,implying that it took the athletes more time to reach their career peak;the average number of years of keeping excellent performance was 4.8 years;there were significant positive correlations between their top ranking and their height,weight and Quetelet index,though such correlations were very weak;there were very significant correlations between the Quetelet index and the height;the height and the weight were highly correlated;there were significant differences in height,weight and Quetelet index among athletes of different rankings(P<0.05);the global tennis landscape was extremely imbalanced:among the world’s five continents,Europe and America held a dominating position,followed by Oceania,while Africa and Asia had less competitive edge;the advantatges in the world’s tennis competition began to shift from America to Europe from 1990 s;and left-handed tennis players had some advantages.

关 键 词：男子单打运动员 职业特征 身体特征 网球 

分 类 号：G845[文化科学—体育训练]