二氨基二苯甲烷改性聚磷酸铵的合成及在环氧树脂中的应用  

Synthesis of Diamino Diphenyl Methane Modified Ammonium Polyphosphate and Its Application in Epoxy Resin

作　　者：王飞跃[1] 廖家浩 颜龙[1] Feiyue Wang;Jiahao Liao;Long Yan(Institute of Disaster Prevention Science and Technology,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2022年第2期24-31,共8页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51906261);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2020SK2057);中南大学研究生自由探索创新项目(2020zzts637)。

摘　　要：以二氨基二苯甲烷(DDM)和聚磷酸铵(APP)为原料,通过离子交换反应合成二氨基二苯甲烷改性聚磷酸铵(DDP),利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振对DDP结构进行了表征。将DDP作为阻燃剂、DDM作为固化剂制备阻燃环氧树脂,通过极限氧指数仪、UL94垂直燃烧仪、锥形量热仪、热重分析和力学性能测试仪分别对阻燃环氧树脂的阻燃性能、成炭行为、热稳定性和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,DDP在环氧树脂中表现出优异阻燃性能,添加15%的DDP可使环氧树脂的总释放热和峰值热释放速率下降32.3%和40.8%,LOI值达到37.1%并通过UL94 V-0级。热重分析表明,DDP有效增强了环氧树脂的成炭能力,当DDP质量分数为15%时,阻燃环氧树脂在800℃时的成炭量达到34.0%。力学性能分析表明,相同添加量的DDP相比于APP能赋予环氧树脂更佳的力学性能,其中15%DDP阻燃环氧树脂的拉伸强度达到35.9 MPa、弹性模量达到3844.7 MPa。Diamino diphenyl methane modified ammonium polyphosphate(DDP) was synthesized via the ion exchange reaction between ammouium polyphosphate and diamino diphenyl methane(DDM) and then well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance.The effect of DDP on the flame retardancy,charring behavior,thermal stability and mechanical properties of flame-retarded epoxy resins was analyzed by limiting oxygen index tester,UL94 vertical combustion instrument,cone calorimetry,thermogravimetric analysis,mechanical tester.The results show that the addition of DDP greatly improves the flame retardany of epoxy resins.The flame-retarded EP with 15% DDP acquires a LOI value of 37.1 % and passes the UL 94 V-0 rating,accompanying with 32.3% reduction in the peak heat release rate and 40.8% reduction of the total heat release compared to pure EP.Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the addition of DDP promotes the char formation of epoxy resins,and the flame-retarded EP containing 15% DDP has the residual mass of 34.2% at 800 ℃.Mechanical test shows that the same addition of DDP imparts the higher tensile strength and elastic modulus to epoxy resin compared to APP.When 15% DDP is added,the flame-retarded epoxy resin shows the tensile strength of 35.9 MPa and elastic modulus of 3844.7 MPa.

关 键 词：改性聚磷酸铵 环氧树脂 阻燃性能 热解特性 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.5[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]