绝经后骨质疏松症中骨髓脂肪组织与骨代谢的关系  

Relationship Between Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue and Bone Metabolism Based on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

作　　者：覃小燕 韦秋 安然[1] 杨云 蔡铭祺 毛浩萍[1] QIN Xiaoyan;WEI Qiu;AN Ran;YANG Yun;CAI Mingqi;MAO Haoping(Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,State Key Laboratory of Composition of Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,方剂学教育部重点实验室,组分中药国家重点实验室,天津301617

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2022年第3期41-45,共5页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81630106);天津市研究生科研创新项目(2019YJSB140)。

摘　　要：绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)是一种在绝经期妇女中因雌激素的缺乏所致的骨代谢异常性疾病,主要以骨密度降低、骨微结构退化、易于发生骨折及较高的致残率和致死率为主要特征。已有报道PMOP的发生往往伴随着骨髓脂肪组织(bone marrow adipose tissue,BMAT)的异常积累,并且诸多研究发现绝经期妇女出现腹部脂肪和骨髓脂肪增多的现象。BMAT主要来源于骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMMSCs),BMMSCs具有向成骨细胞和脂肪细胞分化的作用,两者之间属于动态平衡的关系,一旦分化失衡将导致骨代谢异常。此外,BMAT被认为是一种内分泌器官,能够通过分泌脂肪因子直接或间接的调节骨代谢。在该综述中,探讨了雌激素的缺乏对骨重塑的影响以及BMAT在骨代谢中的作用,总结了在雌激素缺乏的情况下BMAT与骨代谢的关系及基于BMAT的PMOP治疗方法,为PMOP的治疗提供新的潜在治疗靶点。Postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)is a kind of abnormal bone metabolism disease caused by lack of estrogen in menopausal women.It is mainly characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microstructure,leading to increased risk of fragility fracture and high disability rate and fatality rate.It has been reported that the occurrence of PMOP is often accompanied by abnormal accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue(BMAT),and we have found that the abdominal fat and bone marrow adipose will also increase in postmenopausal women.BMAT is mainly derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs),and BMMSCs mainly differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes in the bone marrow.The relationship between osteoblasts and adipocytes is a dynamic balance,and the imbalance of differentiation between them will directly affect normal bone metabolism.In addition,BMAT is considered to be an endocrine organ that can directly or indirectly regulate bone metabolism by secreting adipocytokines.In this review,we explored the effects of estrogen deficiency on bone remodeling and the role of BMAT in bone metabolism.Furthermore,we also discussed the relationship between BMAT and bone metabolism in the absence of estrogen and summarized the treatment of PMOP based on BMAT,aiming to provide a new potential therapeutic targets for PMOP therapy.

关 键 词：绝经后骨质疏松 骨髓脂肪组织 骨髓间充质干细胞 靶向治疗 

分 类 号：R681[医药卫生—骨科学]