核酸扩增技术在血清HIV、HBV、HCV检测中的应用  

Application of nucleic acid amplification technology in the detection of serum human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),hepatitis B virus(HBV),and hepatitis C virus(HCV)

作　　者：周斌 黄小珍 蓝新 曾宾 魏颖 ZHOU Bin;HUANG Xiao-zhen;LAN Xin;ZENG Bin;WEI Ying(Department of Laboratory,Meizhou Central Blood Station,Meizhou 514021,Guangdong,CHINA)

机构地区：[1]梅州市中心血站检验科,广东梅州514021

出　　处：《海南医学》2022年第10期1308-1310,共3页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析核酸扩增技术在血清病学标志物人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、乙肝病毒(HBV)、丙肝病毒(HCV)检测中的应用效果。方法选取2019年1月至2020年12月梅州市中心血站采集的36422名无偿献血者的血液样本,每位献血者均留取两管血液样本,其中一管采用核酸扩增技术检测,另一管采用酶联免疫法,对比两种方法的检测结果,分析其检测符合率。结果经酶联免疫法检测HBV、HCV、HIV阳性率分别为0.33%、0.005%、0.005%,核酸扩增检测HBV、HCV、HIV阳性率分别为0.35%、0.014%、0.011%,两种检测方法比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);36422份血液样本经二次重复检查汇集池数量6071个,其中30个汇集池存在反应,后将其拆分单个检测样本,16个汇集池样本拆分17个阳性样本,拆分率为0.047%;17个阳性样本经再次鉴定,HBV、HCV、HIV反应阳性样本数分别为15个、1个、1个。结论核酸扩增技术在血清病学标志物HIV、HBV、HCV检测中有显著效果,符合率与酶联免疫法相当。Objective To analyze the application of nucleic acid amplification technology in detecting serum markers of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),hepatitis B virus(HBV),and hepatitis C virus(HCV).Methods A total of 36422 blood samples of unpaid blood donors collected from Meizhou Central Blood Station from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected.In each blood donor,two blood samples were collected,one of which was detected by nucleic acid amplification technology and the other by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The detection results of the two methods were compared and the detection coincidence rate was analyzed.Results The positive rates of HBV,HCV,and HIV detected by ELISA were 0.33%,0.005%,and 0.005%,respectively,and were 0.35%,0.014%,and 0.011%by nucleic acid amplification,respectively,with no significant difference between the two detection methods(P>0.05).A total of 36422 blood samples were examined twice.The number of collecting pools was 6071,of which 30 collecting pools had reactions,and then they were separated into single test samples.Sixteen collecting pool samples were separated into 17 positive samples,with a resolution rate of 0.047%.The 17 positive samples were identified again,and the number of HBV,HCV and HIV positive samples was 15,1 and 1.Conclusion Nucleic acid amplification technique has a significant effect in the detection of serological markers HIV,HBV and HCV,and the coincidence rate is equivalent to that of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

关 键 词：核酸扩增技术 血清病学标志物 人类免疫缺陷病毒 乙肝病毒 丙肝病毒 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]