土地利用格局变化对普者黑流域生态系统服务价值的影响  

Impact of land use change on the ecosystem services value in Puzhehei Watershed

作　　者：刘嫦娥[1,2,3] 唐彬程 杨茂云 潘瑛 赵永贵[1,2,3] 段昌群 LIU Chang-e;TANG Bin-cheng;YANG Mao-yun;PAN Ying;ZHAO Yong-gui;DUAN Chang-qun(School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences&Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments,Kunming 650091,China;International Cooperative Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management of Yunnan,Kunming 650091,China;Yunnan Ecological Civilization Construction Think Tank,Kunming 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态与环境学院暨云南省高原山地生态与退化环境修复重点实验室,云南昆明650091 [2]云南省高原湖泊生态修复及流域管理国际联合研究中心,云南昆明650091 [3]云南生态文明建设智库,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《环境生态学》2022年第5期47-58,共12页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：云南省基础研究专项重点项目(202201AS070016);国家自然科学基金联合重点项目(U2002208)资助。

摘　　要：土地利用格局变化影响区域生态系统的结构与功能,也是区域生态系统服务功能变化的重要驱动力。以湿地型普者黑小流域作为对象,研究土地利用数量与结构变化特征,运用环境经济评价方法核算生态系统服务价值。结果表明:2010—2014年,流域农田及未利用地面积分别下降1395 hm^(2)和1001 hm^(2);林地面积增幅最高,为1614 hm^(2),水域增加了395 hm^(2),而普者黑的土地利用开发水平正处于高速发展的阶段。流域ESV由2010年29.55×10^(8)元上升至2014年41.82×10^(8)元,呈现出快速增长态势,其中湿地生态系统的休闲旅游与调温增湿服务价值的占比由48.78%上升为58.33%,是主要的服务类型;森林内物种保育、涵养水源的效益显著增多,农田生态系统则在粮食供给服务居多的前提下也拥有着更大的固碳释氧效益;直接价值与间接价值比值从2010年的2∶5上升为2014年的7∶10。ESV对土地利用的响应显著,ESV的年增加值为3.07×10^(8)元/a,单位面积的年增加值为7945.67元/a。土地利用变化对小流域生态系统服务价值的研究结果丰富和完善了生态系统服务变化的理论与方法,普者黑小流域湿地生态系统蕴含着较大的价值,不仅有利于加强人们对湿地可持续发展重要作用的认识,也为区域生态补偿提供重要的科学依据。The land use change affects the structure and function of regional ecosystem,and it is also an important driving force for the change of regional ecosystem services function.This paper studies the characteristics of land use quantity and structure change in Puzhehei small watershed of wetland type,and uses the method of environmental economic evaluation to calculate ecosystem services value.The results showed that from 2010 to 2014,the area of farmland and unused land in the watershed decreased by 1395 hm^(2) and 1001 hm^(2) respectively.The area of forestland increased by the most,1614 hm^(2),while the water area increased by 395 hm^(2),while the land use and development level of Puzhinhei is in the stage of rapid development.The ESV of the watershed increased from 29.55×10^(8) yuan in 2010 to 41.82×10^(8) yuan in 2014,showing a rapid growth trend.The proportion of tourism,leisure,temperature regulation and humidification service value of wetland ecosystem increased from 48.78% to 58.33%,which was the main service type.The benefits of species conservation and water retention in the forest increased significantly,while the benefits of carbon sequestration and oxygen release in the farmland ecosystem were greater on the premise of more food supply services.The ratio of direct value to indirect value rose from 2∶5 in 2010 to 7∶10 in 2014.ESV has a significant response to land use.The annual added value of ESV is 3.07×10^(8) yuan/a,and the annual added value per unit area is 7945.67 yuan/a.The research results of land use change on ecosystem services value of small watershed enrich and perfect the theory and method of ecosystem services change.Puzhehei small watershed wetland ecosystem contains a larger value,which is not only beneficial to strengthen the understanding of the important role in the sustainable development of wetland,but also provide important scientific basis for regional ecological compensation.

关 键 词：普者黑流域 土地利用格局 生态系统服务价值 评估 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]