褪黑素和茉莉酸甲酯基质育秧对水稻耐低温胁迫的调控作用  

Regulation effects of seedling raising by melatonin and methyl jasmonate substrate on low temperature stress tolerance in rice

作　　者：朱春权 魏倩倩 项兴佳 胡文君[3] 徐青山 曹小闯 朱练峰 孔亚丽 刘佳[4] 金千瑜 张均华 ZHU Chun-Quan;WEI Qian-Qian;XIANG Xing-Jia;HU Wen-Jun;XU Qing-Shan;CAO Xiao-Chuang;ZHU Lian-Feng;KONG Ya-Li;LIU Jia;JIN Qian-Yu;ZHANG Jun-Hua(State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology/China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,Zhejiang,China;Anhui University,Hefei 230039 Anhui,China;Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang,China;Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所/水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310006 [2]安徽大学,安徽合肥230039 [3]浙江省农业科学院,浙江杭州310021 [4]江西省农业科学院,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《作物学报》2022年第8期2016-2027,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31901452);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ19C020007)资助。

摘　　要：早稻育秧过程中易遭受低温冷害,引起水稻减产。因此,有必要研制耐低温的水稻育秧基质来保障早稻生产。本研究以我们实验室自己研制的发酵基质作为研究对象,外源添加褪黑素和茉莉酸甲酯后,分别在水稻萌发阶段和水稻生长7 d后进行为期3 d的低温处理,然后测定水稻的萌发状况、理化性质和基因表达,从而明确2种不同激素对早稻秧苗耐低温胁迫的调控机制。结果表明,褪黑素和茉莉酸甲酯均显著提高水稻在低温条件下的发芽率和发芽势;两者均能提高水稻在低温条件下的生长,包括提高株高、根长、根条数、干物重、叶龄和养分含量。在低温条件下,褪黑素和茉莉酸甲酯均能通过调节水稻体内抗氧化系统酶的活性和降低水稻体内过氧化氢与丙二醛含量来缓解低温胁迫导致的脂质过氧化损伤。褪黑素和茉莉酸甲酯均能提高低温条件下水稻体内的脯氨酸含量和叶绿素含量,降低脱落酸的含量,而茉莉酸甲酯则单独提高了水稻体内GA_(3)的含量。褪黑素和茉莉酸甲酯对水稻耐冷基因存在不同的调控作用,在低温条件下,两者均显著上调OsCDPK7和OsLti6b,显著下调OsWRKY45基因的表达,褪黑素单独上调OsFer1基因的表达,茉莉酸甲酯单独上调OsTrx23基因的表达。以上结果表明,褪黑素和茉莉酸甲酯均能通过调控水稻体内抗氧化系统酶活、渗透物质含量、叶绿素含量、植物激素含量和耐冷基因表达提高水稻耐低温胁迫能力。Early rice easily suffers from low temperature injury at seedling raising stage,resulting in yield reduction.Therefore,it is necessary to develop low temperature tolerant rice seedling substrate to ensure early rice production.The fermentation substrate made by ourselves was used in the present study.After melatonin and methyl jasmonate were added in the substrate,the rice was treated with low temperature for 3 days at seed germination stage and 7 days’growth stage.Then,to clarify the regulatory mechanism of these two phytohormones on the tolerance of early rice seedlings to low temperature stress,the germination status,physical and chemical properties,and gene expression of rice were explored.The results showed that both melatonin and methyl jasmonate could significantly improve the seed germination rate and germination potential of rice under low temperature.Both could improve the growth of rice,including plant height,root length,root number,dry matter weight,leaf age,and nutrient content.Under low temperature,melatonin and methyl jasmonate both reduced hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde content in rice by regulating the activities of antioxidant system enzymes,so as to alleviate the lipid peroxidation damage caused by low temperature stress.Melatonin and methyl jasmonate both increased the contents of proline and chlorophyll,and decreased the content of abscisic acid in rice under low temperature stress.Methyl jasmonate along increased GA_(3) content in rice under low temperature conditions.Melatonin and methyl jasmonate had different regulatory effects on cold tolerance genes expression in rice.Both of them significantly up-regulated the relative expression of Os CDPK7 and Os Lti6b genes,and down-regulated the expression of Os WRKY45 gene in rice under low temperature conditions.In addition.The relative expression of OsFer1 gene was induced by melatonin alone,while the relative expression of Os Trx23 gene was up-regulated by methyl jasmonate alone in response to low temperature stress.The above results s

关 键 词：基质 水稻 低温胁迫 理化性质 抗氧化酶 基因表达 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]