海洛因造成呼吸系统损伤研究进展  

Research Progress of Heroin-induced Respiratory Damage

作　　者：周勇[1] 张尊月 杨继青[1] 熊普 王昆华[1] ZHOU Yong;ZHANG Zunyue;YANG Jiqing;XIONG Pu;WANG Kunhua(NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine,The Scientific Research Laboratory Center,The 1st Affiliated Hospitalof Kunming Medical University,Kunming Yunnan 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫健委毒品依赖和戒治重点实验室,昆明医科大学第一附属医院科研实验中心,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2022年第5期155-161,共7页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81870458);云南省消化疾病防治工程技术研究中心基金资助项目(2018DH006);云南省云岭学者基金资助项目(YLXL20170002,YLXL20170002);云南省普通外科疾病临床医学中心基金资助项目(ZX2019-03-03);云南省教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(2021J0234)。

摘　　要：海洛因是一种可以多途径摄入且成瘾性极强的毒品,严重损害人类健康,其中对呼吸系统的影响和损伤是广泛而明显的。它可以通过抑制呼吸中枢而导致呼吸抑制,可以直接损伤气道和肺组织而导致鼻咽部溃疡或者肺气肿,也可以影响机体的免疫而导致哮喘或者嗜酸性粒细胞性肺炎,还可以导致非心源性肺水肿。不仅如此,吸食海洛因的人群由于其心理社会环境因素,还是肺炎、肺结核等肺部感染性疾病的高风险人群。现将对海洛因对呼吸系统的影响进行归纳和总结,以更加全面了解海洛因对呼吸系统的影响。Heroin,a highly addictive drug that seriously harms the human health,can be ingested in multiple ways.Severe damages are commonly observed in the respiratory system.As an exogenous opioid,heroin can cause the respiratory depression by inhibiting the respiratory center.In fact,heroin affects the respiratory system in many other ways.It not only causes nasopharyngeal ulcers or emphysema by directly damaging the airways and lung tissues,but also induces asthma or eosinophilic pneumonia by affecting the body’s immunity.In addition,pulmonary toxicity of heroin can cause noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and pneumothorax when drugs are injected into the jugular vein.Because of the psychosocial environmental factors,heroin users are also at a high risk for pulmonary infectious diseases,such as pneumonia and tuberculosis.This article will provide a better understanding of the effects of heroin on the respiratory system by reviewing the current literature.

关 键 词：海洛因 呼吸系统 肺水肿 

分 类 号：R996[医药卫生—毒理学]