基于高通量测序分析辣椒/玉米套作对辣椒根际土壤细菌多样性的影响  

Effects of pepper/maize intercropping on soil bacterial diversity in pepper rhizosphere analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology

作　　者：许艺 李红 巩雪峰[1,2] 陈鑫 宋占锋 XU Yi;LI Hong;GONG Xue-feng;CHEN Xin;SONG Zhan-feng(Horticulture Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences'Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610066,China;Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Biology and Germplasm Enhancement in Southwest,Ministry of Agriculture,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所/蔬菜种质与品种创新四川省重点实验室,成都610066 [2]农业农村部西南地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,成都610066

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第4期772-779,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省“十四五”蔬菜育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0022);四川省科技计划项目(软科学项目)(2020JDR0405);四川省科技计划青年科技创新团队项目(2021JDTD0006)。

摘　　要：【目的】从微生物角度揭示辣椒/玉米套作模式的优越性,为此模式的大力推广及高效栽培提供基础理论依据。【方法】利用Illumina高通量测序技术,分析辣椒/玉米套作、辣椒净作2个试验处理情况下,辣椒根际土壤细菌多样性及群落组成结构。【结果】辣椒/玉米套作后,辣椒根际土壤细菌的Chao1、Ace、Shannon指数均有所增加,增幅为3.07%~7.53%;2个处理在门、纲、目、科、属水平上排名前10的优势细菌种类相同,最大优势菌门均为变形菌门,占土壤细菌总量的88%以上,但各细菌数量发生变化,细菌群落组成结构发生变化;套作后辣椒根际土壤细菌富集并达到组间显著性差异的微生物种类有56种,主要有亚硝化单胞菌科(从目到科)、硝化螺旋菌属(从门到属)、Ignavibacteriaceae(从门到科)、丰佑菌属(从纲到属);辣椒净作仅10种,主要为脱铁杆菌科(从门到科)。【结论】辣椒玉米套作后,辣椒根际土壤细菌丰富度和多样性增加,富集并达到组间显著性差异的微生物种类明显增多,其中与氮素循环有关的亚硝化单胞菌科(从目到科)和硝化螺旋菌属(从门到属)显著增加,土壤微生物优势明显。【Objective】Revealing the superiority of pepper/maize intercropping mode from the perspective of microorganism, so as to provide the basic theoretical basis for vigorously promoting and efficient cultivation of this mode.【Method】The bacterial diversity and community composition of pepper rhizosphere soil under pepper/maize intercropping and pepper net cropping were investigated using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology.【Result】The Chao1, Ace and Shannon indexes of pepper rhizosphere soil bacteria increased by 3.07%-7.53% after pepper/maize intercropping. The top 10 dominant bacteria species in phyla, class, order, family and genus of the two treatments were the same, and the largest dominant bacteria phyla was Proteobacteria, accounting for more than 88% of the total soil bacteria. But the number of bacteria changed, so the composition of bacterial community changed. 56 microbial species were enriched and reached significant differences among groups in the pepper rhizosphere soil after pepper/maize intercropping, mainly including Nitrosomonadaceae(from order to family),Nitrospira(from phylum to genus),Ignavibacteriaceae(from phylum to family),Opitutus(from class to genus). However, there were only 10 species of pepper net cropping, and the main species was Deferriobacteriaceae(from phylum to family).【Conclusion】After pepper/maize intercropping, the richness and diversity of soil bacteria in the pepper rhizosphere increased, and the microbial species enriched and reached the significant difference between the groups were significantly increased, such as the nitrogen cycle-related Nitrosomonadaceae(from order to family) and Nitrospira(from phylum to genus). The soil microbial advantages were obvious.

关 键 词：高通量测序 辣椒/玉米套作 根际土 细菌多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]