北苍术根腐病植株根际土壤真菌群落多样性分析  

Diversity analysis of soil fungal communities in the inter-rhizosphere of Atractylodes chinensis(DC.)Koidz.root rot plants

作　　者：高鑫媛 赵红玲[1] 白茹玥 李哲[1] 魏金月 赵蓝青青 赵春颖[1] GAO Xin-yuan;ZHAO Hong-ling;BAI Ru-yue;LI Zhe;WEI Jin-yue;ZHAO Lan-qingqing;ZHAO Chun-ying(Chengde Medical University,Hebei Key Laboratory of Study and Exploitation of Chinese Medicine,Chengde,Hebei 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]承德医学院/河北省中药研究与开发重点实验室,河北承德067000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第4期812-821,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2019承德国家可持续发展议程创新示范区建设科技专项(202007F004);河北省农业高质量发展共性技术攻关专项(19226410D);河北省科学技术厅科技业务项目(V1623138472760)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析根腐病北苍术植株根际土壤真菌群落的多样性,为探索北苍术根腐病的发病机理和防治工作提供参考。【方法】利用Illumina HiSeq高通量测序技术,分析北苍术根腐病植株与健康植株根际土壤真菌群落结构特征,并对植株根际土壤理化性质与酶活性进行分析。【结果】患根腐病北苍术植株根际土壤真菌较健康植株总量和多样性显著降低。患根腐病北苍术植株根际土壤中真菌菌群在门水平的丰度相对健康土壤增高的是子囊菌门(Ascomycota),减少的是担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota);在目水平增多的是肉座菌目(Hypocreales)、假球壳目(Pleosporales)、小丛壳目(Glomerellales)等,减少的是被孢霉目(Mortierellales)、粪壳菌目(Sordariales)、散囊菌目(Eurotiales)、刺盾炱目(Chaetothyriales)等;在属水平上增多的是镰刀菌属(Fusarium),赤霉属(Gibberella)等,减少的是被孢霉属(Mortierella)、亚隔孢壳属(Didymella)、毛壳属(Cheatomium)及木霉属(Trichoderma)等。统计学分析表明,患根腐病北苍术植株根际土壤的pH显著低于健康北苍术植株根际土壤,速效N、速效P、速效K含量显著增高。且不同处理的北苍术植株根际土壤的酶活性检测显示根腐病北苍术植株根际土壤的土壤脲酶、土壤蔗糖酶及土壤碱性磷酸酶的酶活性显著高于健康植株的根际土壤。【结论】常见生防菌毛壳属(Cheatomium)在根腐病北苍术植株根际土壤中占比较少,Schizotheciumj菌在健康北苍术植株根际土壤中占比丰度更高。致病菌镰刀菌(Fusarium)在根腐病北苍术植株根际土壤中占比多。北苍术根腐病的成因可能与其根际真菌丰度降低、土壤的理化性质及酶活显著变化有关,但差异菌群的功能多样性及与北苍术植株根腐病病原菌的互作关系尚待验证。【Objective】The study aimed to analyze the diversity of inter-root soil fungal communities of root rot plants to provide a reference for exploring the pathogenesis and control of root rot of Atractylodes chinensis.【Method】The structural characteristics of the inter-root soil fungal community between root rot plants and healthy plants were analyzed using Illumina HiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology, and the soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities were analyzed.【Result】The total number and diversity of soil fungi in the inter-rhizosphere of plants with root rot were significantly lower than those in healthy plants. The abundance of fungal groups at the phylum level increased in Ascomycota and decreased in Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota in the inter-rhizosphere soil of plants with root rot compared with healthy soil. At the order level, the number of Hypocreales, Pleosporales, Glomerellales, etc. has increased, while the number of Mortierellales, Sordariales, Eurotiales, Chaetothyriales, etc. has decreased. At the genus level, there is an increase in Fusarium, Gibberella, and a decrease in Mortierella, Didymella, Cheatomium, and Trichoderma. Statistical analysis showed that the pH of the inter-root soil of the plants with root rot was significantly lower than that of the inter-root soil of the healthy plants, and the contents of fast-acting N, fast-acting P, and fast-acting K were significantly higher. The enzyme activities of the inter-rhizosphere soils of the different treatments showed that the enzyme activities of soil urease, soil sucrase, and soil alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher than those of the inter-rhizosphere soils of the healthy plants.【Conclusion】The common biocontrol bacteria fungus Cheatomium was less abundant in the inter-rhizosphere soil of root-rotting Atractylodes chinensis plants, and Schizotheciumj was more abundant in the inter-rhizosphere soil of healthy Atractylodes chinensis plants. The pathogenic fungus Fusarium was more abundant in the

关 键 词：北苍术 根际土壤 高通量测序 真菌 理化性质 土壤酶活 

分 类 号：S567.211[农业科学—中草药栽培]