燃煤电厂锅炉机组受热面积灰结渣研究现状与展望  

Current status and prospects of research on ash slagging in heated area of coal-fired power plant boiler unit

作　　者：刘鹏宇 李德波 刘彦丰[1] 陈兆立 冯永新 廖宏楷 LIU Pengyu;LI Debo;LIU Yanfeng;CHEN Zhaoli;FENG Yongxin;LIAO Hongkai(Department of Power Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding071003,China;China Southern Grid Power Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou510080,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学动力工程系,河北保定071003 [2]南方电网电力科技股份有限公司,广东广州510080

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2022年第5期87-96,共10页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51376161)。

摘　　要：燃煤电厂锅炉机组受热面积灰、结渣往往会造成熄火、锅炉效率降低甚至导致超温爆管而停炉的重大安全事故,积灰、结渣问题已成为燃煤电厂工程实际中亟需解决的问题。综述了基于受热面积灰、结渣的工程实际和数值模拟研究现状,对其产生机理及解决方法进行了综述,横向对比后认为在积灰方面开展基于智能监测技术方向的智能化吹灰系统的研究与开发是未来重要研究方向,且应提出考虑对流、辐射综合影响的数学模型以提高半对流半辐射受热面的预测精度;由于积灰、结渣现象受多因素影响,而目前研究大多只聚焦于1种或2种方法的探究,因此在结渣方面需要开展综合多影响因素协同一体的综合优化方案;积灰、结渣问题的数值模拟可以通过有限反应速率/涡耗散模型探究2种及以上多煤种的改善作用,同时开发ANSYS Fluent扩展功能以提高传统数值模拟精度,从而对锅炉机组受热面积灰、结渣的工程问题提供技术指导。Ash and slagging on the heated area of the boiler unit of coal-fired power plants often cause major safety accidents such as flameout,reduced boiler efficiency,and even shutdown of the boiler due to over-temperature bursting.Therefore,the problem of ash accumulation and slagging has become an urgent problem to be solved in the actual engineering of coal-fired power plants.The author reviewed the actual engineering and numerical simulation research status of ash and slag based on the heated area,and reviewed the mechanism and solution methods,after horizontal comparison and that the research and development of intelligent soot blowing system based on the direction of intelligent monitoring technology in ash accumulation is an important future research direction,and the mathematical model should be proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of semi-convective and semi-radiative heated surface considering the combined effect of convection and radiation.Since the phenomenon of ash accumulation and slagging is influenced by a variety of factors,and most of the current studies focus on one or two methods of investigation,there is a need to develop a comprehensive optimization program that integrates multiple influencing factors in a synergistic manner in the area of slagging.The numerical simulation of ash accumulation and slagging problem can be explored by finite reaction rate/vortex dissipation model to explore the improvement of two or more types of coal,and ANSYS Fluent extension can be developed to improve the accuracy of traditional numerical simulation,so as to further provide technical guidance to the engineering problems of ash and slagging in boiler unit heating area.

关 键 词：燃煤电厂 积灰 结渣 智能监测 多因素协同 Fluent扩展 

分 类 号：TQ534[化学工程—煤化学工程] TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]