樱桃链格孢菌叶斑病拮抗链霉菌的筛选与鉴定  

Screening and identification of antagonistic Streptomyces sp.against Alternaria alternata leaf spot of Prunus avium

作　　者：刘雨芹 杨莹 魏有海 郭良芝 程亮 郭青云 LIU Yuqin;YANG Ying;WEI Youhai;GUO Liangzhi;CHENG Liang;GUO Qingyun(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management of Qinghai,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2022年第2期40-47,共8页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0303);青海省科学技术厅项目(2020-ZJ-Y11)。

摘　　要：为筛选用于樱桃链格孢菌叶斑病的生防菌,采用稀释涂布法从患病樱桃树根际土壤中分离生防菌,使用室内平板对峙培养法和生长速率测定法,获得拮抗能力强的放线菌菌株,并依据形态学特征、生理生化特性和16S r DNA序列等进行鉴定。结果表明:筛选到4株对樱桃叶斑病具有较强拮抗作用的放线菌,其菌体和无菌滤液抑菌率分别达64%和73%以上。其中3-22菌株菌体的抑菌率达76.39%,无菌滤液抑菌率达84.44%,离体条件下24 h和48 h的抑菌率分别为79.75%和75.54%,与250 g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂的抑菌率没有显著差异。通过形态学特征和分子生物学鉴定可知,3-22菌株为链霉菌属(Streptomyces sp.)。由此可见,3-22菌株作为樱桃叶斑病的生物防治材料具有较大的开发和应用潜力。The biocontrol bacteria are isolated from the root soil of diseased Prunus avium trees by dilution coating method in order to screen the biocontrol bacteria of Alternaria alternata leaf spot of Prunus avium.The Actinomycetes strain with strong antagonistic ability is obtained by indoor plate confrontation culture method and growth rate determination method.Then,it is identified based on morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S r DNA sequence.The results show that four Actinomycetes strains with strong antagonistic effects on Prunus avium leaf spot are screened in the study.Their antibacterial rates of bacteria and sterile filtrate are more than 64%and 73%respectively.The bacteriostatic rate of strain 3-22 is 76.39%and that of sterile filtrate is 84.44%.The bacteriostatic rates of 24 h and 48 h in vitro are 79.75%and75.54%respectively.There is no significant difference between strain 3-22 and 250 g/L azoxystrobin suspension.It can be concluded that strain 3-22 is Streptomyces sp.based on morphological characteristics and molecular biological identification.It is showed that strain 3-22 has great development and application potential as a biological control material of Prunus avium leaf spot.

关 键 词：生物防治 樱桃 链格孢菌属 链霉菌属 拮抗作用 

分 类 号：S436.629[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.1[农业科学—植物保护]