基于NMI/DMSO全溶体系的竹基抗紫外膜制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Bamboo Films with Excellent UV Shielding Performance Based on NMI/DMSO Solvent System

作　　者：石纯 李岷钊 辉朝茂[1] 刘蔚漪[1] 杨静 杨海艳 史正军[1] SHI Chun;LI Min-zhao;HUI Chao-mao;LIU Wei-yi;YANG Jing;YANG Hai-yan;SHI Zheng-jun(Sympodial Bamboos Technological and Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学国家林业和草原局丛生竹工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650000 [2]西南林业大学化学工程学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《竹子学报》2022年第1期35-41,共7页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31971741,31760195)。

摘　　要：研究构建了1种基于1-甲基咪唑/二甲基亚砜(NMI/DMSO)全溶体系的竹材全组分乙酰化改性方法,并以此乙酰化改性产物为基质,通过添加增塑剂聚乙二醇和负载纳米银粒子,制备得到具有优良塑性和抗菌性能的竹基抗紫外膜材料。经组分含量测定、红外光谱、拉伸性能、紫外-可见光透光率测试、抗菌测试等分析,系统表征了竹基抗紫外膜材料的性能。结果表明:NMI/DMSO全溶体系可实现竹材组分的均相同步改性,乙酰化巨龙竹全组分膜材料中,木质素、纤维素和半纤维素含量分别为22.5%、63.3%和13.2%,膜材料红外光谱中可见明显的乙酰基特征峰;竹基乙酰化膜材料中,具抗紫外功能的木质素得以完整保留并均匀分散在材料中;未经进一步改性的竹基膜即可以完全阻断波长为200~400 nm的紫外线照射,抗紫外性能卓越;经聚乙二醇进一步增塑改性的竹基抗紫外膜的拉伸强度提高了119%;进一步添加银纳米粒子后,竹基膜对空气和土壤中常见细菌的抑菌效果明显改善,拉伸强度提高了137%,断裂伸长率比基膜提高了366%。研究为竹材的高值化利用和竹基可再生功能新材料的开发提供了新思路。A scheme of full-component acetylation modification of bamboo based on 1-methylimidazole/dimethyl sulfoxide(NMI/DMSO)solvent system was constructed.Bamboo-based UV shielding films with superior plasticity and antibacterial properties were prepared by adding polyethylene glycol as plasticizer and loading silver nanoparticles onto the acetylated products as substrates.The properties of bamboo-based UV shielding films were systematically characterized by component content determination,infrared spectroscopy,mechanical property test,UV-vis transmittance test,antibacterial test,and so on.The results showed that the NMI/DMSO solvent system realized the homogeneous and simultaneous modification of bamboo components.The contents of lignin,cellulose and hemicellulose in the full-component acetylated films of Dendrocalamus sinicus were 22.5%,63.3%and 13.2%,respectively.Obvious characteristic peaks of acetyl groups were detected in the infrared spectrum of the films.The lignin with UV shielding ability was completely retained and uniformly dispersed in the films.The bamboo base films,without any further modification,showed excellent UV shielding performance and completely blocked the ultraviolet radiation of the wavelengths between 200nm and 400nm.The tensile strength of bamboo-based UV shielding films modified by polyethylene glycol increased by 119%.After further adding silver nanoparticles,the antibacterial effect of the bamboo base films on common bacteria in the air and the soil was significantly improved.In addition,compared with bamboo base films,the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the bamboo-based PEG-Ag composite films increased by 137%and 366%,respectively.This work provided new ideas for the high-value utilization of bamboo and the development of new bamboo-based renewable materials.

关 键 词：巨龙竹 全组分利用 抗紫外 膜材料 性能研究 

分 类 号：TB383.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]