施肥对巨龙竹实生苗土壤质量和生物量的影响  

Effects of Fertilization on Soil Quality and Biomass of Bamboo(Dendrocalamus sinicus)Seedlings

作　　者：周昀菲 辉朝茂[1] 刘蔚漪[1] ZHOU Yun-fei;HUI Chao-mao;LIU Wei-yi(Institute of Bamboo and Rattan/Sympodial Bamboos Technological and Engineering Research Center,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学竹藤科学研究院/国家丛生竹工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《竹子学报》2022年第1期66-73,共8页Journal of Bamboo Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2200501);云南省基础研究专项(202201AT070053);“云南滇南竹林生态系统定位观测研究站”监测经费(2022-YN-15)。

摘　　要：研究共设置4种不同施肥处理,探讨其对巨龙竹实生苗土壤养分、土壤酶活性与微生物数量以及幼苗生长的影响。施肥处理为无机肥1(A:氮、磷、钾比例22∶8∶15,总有效养分含量≥45%);无机肥2(B:氮、磷、钾比例16∶16∶16,总有效养分含量≥48%);有机肥(C:鸽子粪发酵)、绿肥(D:光叶紫花苕);不施肥对照:CK。结果表明:各施肥处理的土壤养分、酶活性、微生物数量和生物量均高于对照处理,C处理均为最高。土壤养分与真菌、固氮菌和地上生物量呈现正相关,与细菌、放线菌呈现负相关。巨龙竹地上生物量与土壤养分、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶、脲酶、真菌、固氮菌呈现正相关,与细菌、放线菌呈现负相关,枝鲜重与水解性氮、真菌达到极显著(P<0.01),与全氮、全磷、有效磷、固氮菌达到显著(P<0.05),秆鲜重与酸性磷酸酶达到显著。总体而言,土壤质量综合评分值排名得C>D>B>A>CK,施肥种类对土壤质量的影响为处理C最佳,处理A最弱。Five different fertilizer treatments were applied to investigate their effects on soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities, soil microbial populations and growth of Dendrocalamus sinicus seedlings. The fertilizer recipes were as follows: inorganic fertilizer 1(A:N-P-K ratio of 22∶8∶15 and total effective nutrient content ≥45%);inorganic fertilizer 2(B:N-P-K ratio of 16∶16∶16 and total effective nutrient content ≥48%);organic fertilizer(C:fermented pigeon manure);green manure(D:Vicia villosa cv. varglabrescens);and no fertilization control: CK. The results showed that soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities, soil microbial populations and plant biomass under all fertilizer treatments were higher than those in control group, with data in C being the highest among all treatments. Soil nutrients were positively correlated with fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and above-ground biomass, and negatively correlated with bacteria and actinomycetes. The above-ground biomass of bamboo seedlings demonstrated positive correlations with soil nutrients, catalase, acid phosphatase, urease, fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and negative correlations with bacteria and actinomycetes. The correlations between branch fresh weight and hydrolysable nitrogen and fungi were highly significant(P<0.01),and the correlations between branch fresh weight and total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were significant(P<0.05). The correlation between culm fresh weight and acid phosphatase was significant. In general, the soil quality was ranked as C>D>B>A>CK,and treatment C had the largest positive impact on soil quality while the effect of treatment A was weakest.

关 键 词：巨龙竹 土壤质量 施肥 生物量 酶活性 微生物 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]