中国2016—2019年国家免疫规划常规免疫接种率监测报告质量评价  

Data quality of reported routine vaccination coverage under the National Immunization Program in China's Mainland,2016—2019

作　　者：叶家楷[1] 曹雷[1] 余文周[1] 宋祎凡[1] 尹遵栋[1] YE Jia-kai;Cao Lei;Yu Wen-zhou;SONG Yi-fan;YI Zun-dong(Department of National Immunization Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2022年第2期128-133,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：公共卫生应急反应机制运行(131031001000200001)。

摘　　要：目的评价中国(不包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)2016—2019年国家免疫规划(National Immunization Program,NIP)常规免疫接种率监测报告数据质量。方法通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统(National Immunization Program Information Management System,NIPIMS)收集中国基于乡(街道、镇)接种单位的NIP疫苗报告接种率数据,利用统计局公布的年度人口数据计算估算接种率,利用差值(D值)法和比值(R值)法评价监测报告数据质量。结果2016—2019年中国常规免疫报告接种率均在98.00%以上,估算接种率为84.39%~119.02%。D值评价显示,2016—2019年中国NIP疫苗各剂次可信D值分别有11个、3个、6个、6个;分省而言,可信D值分别有13个、13个、11个、17个。R值评价显示,2016—2019年可信R值分别有3个、4个、4个、5个。2岁以内可信R值有13个,2~6岁可信R值有3个。结论2016—2019年中国常规免疫报告接种率监测数据质量有提高但不稳定,部分省份或部分疫苗剂次报告接种率可能存在漏报应种或实种等质量问题。各地要结合预防接种个案登记,进一步深入分析甄别,努力提高监测报告数据质量。Objective To evaluate the quality of surveillance data of routine vaccination coverage under National Immunization Program(NIP)in China's Mainland from 2016 to 2019.Methods Data of routine vaccination coverage rates in China's Mainland during 2016 and 2019 were acquired from National Immunization Program Information Management System(NIPIMS).The vaccination coverage rate was calculated based on annual census data released by National Census Bureau and the quality of surveillance data of routine vaccination coverage was assessed by estimated vaccination coverage,difference and ratio method.Results From 2016 to 2019,the overall reported vaccination coverage was above 98.00%,and the estimated vaccination coverage rate ranged from 84.39% to 119.02%.The D value showed that there were 11,3,6 and 6 nationwide credible D values of each dose of NIP vaccines in 2016,2017,2018 and 2019,while there were 13,13,11 and 17 province-based credible D values.The R value showed that there were 3,4,4 and 5 credible R values from 2016 to 2019,13 credible R values among children<2 years old,and 3 credible R values among those aged 2-6 years.Conclusions From 2016 to 2019,the quality of reported routine vaccination coverage data in China's Mainland is improved,but still unstable,and the progress has not been universal.The results highlight the need for joint efforts in individual vaccination registration to guarantee a high quality data.

关 键 词：常规免疫 接种率 评价 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]