碳酸盐岩古溶洞层级约束地质建模方法探讨:以塔河油田奥陶系某缝洞单元为例  

Hierarchical constraint geological modelling method for carbonate paleokarst caves:A case study of Ordovician fracture-cavern unit in Tahe Oilfield

作　　者：张文彪 段太忠[2] 何治亮[3] 赵华伟[2] 刘彦锋 鲍典[4] Zhang Wenbiao;Duan Taizhong;He Zhiliang;Zhao Huawei;Liu Yanfeng;Bao Dian(School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China;China Petrochemical Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100728,China;Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company,Urumchi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)能源学院,北京100083 [2]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [3]中国石油化工股份有限公司,北京100728 [4]中国石化西北油田分公司,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2022年第3期273-281,共9页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：中国科学院战略先导A项目子课题(XDA14010204);中国石化科技部项目(P20064-2)。

摘　　要：碳酸盐岩地下古溶洞及其内部充填结构一直以来是地质建模的难点。综合地震、地质、测井等资料,提出了溶洞复合体、单一溶洞及溶洞内部充填结构3个层次逐级约束建模的思路,探索了基于多点地质统计学的溶洞内部充填结构建模方法。其中溶洞复合体属于较大尺度地质体单元,地震分辨率基本可识别,井震联合反演约束下采用截断高斯模拟方法建立溶洞复合体模型;单一溶洞是溶洞复合体的重要组成单元,属于中等尺度地质体单元,地震分辨率难以直接识别,基于大量露头实测数据,在溶洞复合体约束下采用基于目标的方法建立单一溶洞分布模型;溶洞内部充填结构属于小尺度地质体单元,地震分辨率很难识别,在单一溶洞约束下,尝试采用多点地质统计学方法建立溶洞内部充填结构模型。以上层级约束建模思路有助于提升地下古溶洞及其内部储集体地质建模的准确度,在塔河油田某缝洞单元测试中取得了初步效果,同时讨论了存在问题及攻关方向。该研究对于精细表征缝洞型碳酸盐岩油气藏具有指导和启示作用。The characteristics of carbonate paleokarst cave and filling have always been the difficulty of characterization and modelling.Based on the seismic,geological and logging data,this paper puts forward the idea of three-level progressive modelling of karst cave complex,single karst cave and karst cave internal filling.The karst cave complex is a large-scale geological body,which can be identified by seismic in most cases.The truncated Gaussian simulation method is used to establish the karst cave complex model;the single karst cave belongs to the medium-scale geological body,and which is difficult to beidentified by seismic.Based on a large number of outcrops measured data,the single karst cave distribution model is established by using the target based indicative point process simulation method;the internal filling of karst cave is small.It is barely recognizable by seismic waves at current resolutions.The multi-point geostatistics method is applied to establish a single karst cave internal filling structure model.The"three-step"modeling idea of hierarchical constraint can gradually reduce the uncertainty of geological model,improve the accuracy of geological modelling.The new idea was tested by a case study in a fracture-cavity unit in Tahe Oilfield,and the related issues and study directions of the new idea were discussed.The test results indicate that the"three-step"modeling idea karst cave reservoir,and the implementation effect is remarkable.

关 键 词：地质建模 古溶洞 洞穴充填 多点地质统计学 碳酸盐岩 

分 类 号：P588.245[天文地球—岩石学]