城市63家妇幼保健院孕期营养门诊建设状况和妊娠结局分析  

Analysis of construction status and pregnancy outcomes of nutrition clinics in 63 maternal and child health care hospitals in urban areas

作　　者：高群[1] 乔亚萍[1] 王爱玲[1] 狄江丽[1] 鲁泽春 宋波[1] GAO Qun;QIAO Yaping;WANG Ailing;DI Jiangli;LU Zechun;SONG Bo(Maternity Health Department,National Center for Women and Children's Health Chinese center for Disease control and prevention,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心孕产保健部,100081

出　　处：《中国妇产科临床杂志》2022年第3期235-238,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心科研项目(FY2014004)。

摘　　要：目的 了解城市妇幼保健院孕期营养门诊建设状况及妊娠结局。方法 采用横断面调查方法,自行设计问卷,抽取全国28个省48个大中城市63家妇幼保健院,对其孕期营养门诊房屋设施、人员、设备等配置情况及胎儿出生体重及剖宫产率进行调查。结果 配备专职人员、同时配备产科及营养科专业人员及门诊人数≥4人的机构分别占61.90%、46.03%和49.21%,各项基本设备的配备率最高为80.95%,有49.21%和41.27%的机构同时配备基本设备和全部设备;东部地区人员专业、数目及基本设备配置符合要求的均高于中、西部地区(P <0.05);配备专职人员、同时配备两类专业人员及门诊人数≥4人、分别配备或同时配备基本设备的机构,其剖宫产率、巨大儿发生率、低出生体重儿发生率均低于配备不足的机构(均P <0.05)。结论 孕期营养门诊规范化建设对降低巨大儿、低出生体重儿、剖宫产率有促进作用,调查机构存在孕期营养门诊的基础建设、人员和基本设备配置不足等情况,亟待规范及完善,进一步促进孕期营养门诊的规范化建设。Objective To estimate the construction status and pregnancy outcomes of nutrition clinics of maternal and child health care hospitals in urban areas. Methods 63 maternal and child health care hospitals in 48large and medium-sized cities of 28 provinces in China were selected to investigate the allocation of housing facilities,staff, equipment and other configuration and other pregnancy outcome quota closely related to nutrition clinic, by using cross-sectional survey method and self-designed questionnaire. Results The institutions equipped with fulltime personnel, obstetric and nutrition professionals and outpatient service personnel ≥ 4 were 61.90%, 46.03% and 49.21% respectively. The highest allocation rate of all basic tool organizations was 80.95%. The organizations equipped with basic tools and all tools were 49.21% and 41.27% respectively. The allocation rate of organizations meeting the requirements of personnel specialty, number and tool allocation in the eastern region was higher than that in the central and western regions(P < 0.05). The rate of cesarean section, macrosomia and low birth weight were lower in institutions with full-time staff, two kinds of professional staff and more than 4 outpatients and basic tools respectively or simultaneously(P < 0.05). Conclusions The standardized construction of nutrition clinics during pregnancy can reduce the risk of macrosomia, low birth weight, and the rate of cesarean section. The incidence of uterine birth has a promoting effect. The survey institutions have the problem of insufficient infrastructure, personnel and basic equipment for pregnancy nutrition clinics. It is urgent to be standardized and improved.

关 键 词：城市 妇幼保健院 孕期营养门诊 建设状况 妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R197.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]