胶板与砂板乒乓球运动对六年级学生视力健康水平改善程度比较  

A Comparative Study on Visual Health Improvement of Sixth Graders with Table Tennis and Ping-Pong

作　　者：殷荣宾[1] 郭敏 张萌 徐建荣[1] 蔡赓[1] YIN Rongbin;GUO Min;ZHANG Meng;XU Jianrong;CAI Geng(School of Physical Education,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《体育科研》2022年第3期44-50,共7页Sport Science Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BTY078)。

摘　　要：目的:探究胶板、砂板乒乓球运动对小学六年级学生裸眼远视力(SVA)及动态视力(KVA)的影响,为体育锻炼促进视力健康水平提供参考。方法:选取六年级2个自然班共74名学生作为实验对象,分为胶板乒乓球组和砂板乒乓球组,干预周期32周,采用标准对数视力灯箱、KVA检测仪对被试实验前、中、后测的SVA及KVA进行测试。结果:胶板组和砂板组被试的SVA和KVA均有显著提高(P<0.05),在实验前、中、后测水平上,胶板组与砂板组的SVA均不存在显著差异(P>0.05),在实验后测阶段,胶板组与砂板组的KVA具有显著差异(P<0.05),砂板组后测近视人数显著低于前测(P<0.05)。结论:胶板与砂板乒乓球运动均能提高六年级学生SVA和KVA。砂板乒乓球运动改善视力健康水平的效果优于胶板乒乓球运动,主要体现在KVA上。胶板乒乓球运动适合轻度视力不良的儿童青少年,砂板乒乓球运动适合重度视力不良的儿童青少年。Objective:To investigate the effects of table tennis(rubber-board)and ping-pong(sand-board)on the static visual acuity(SVA)and kinetic visual acuity(KVA)of sixth grade students in elementary school,and to provide reference for promoting visual health in physical exercise.Methods:A total of 74 students in 2 classes of the 6th grade were selected as subjects and divided into table tennis and ping-pong groups.The intervention lasted for 32 weeks.The SVA and KVA measured before,during and after the experiment were tested with standard logarithmic visual acuity chart light box and kinetic visual acuity detector.Results:SVA and KVA of the subjects in both table tennis and ping-pong groups were significantly improved(P<0.05).At the pre-test,mid-test and post-test levels,there was no significant difference in SVA between the two groups(P>0.05).But at the post-test,there was a significant difference in the KVA between the two groups(P<0.05),and the number of myopes in the post-test of the ping-pong group was significantly lower than that in the pre-test.Conclusion:Both of table tennis and ping-pong exercises can improve SVA and KVA of sixth grade students.Ping-pong exercise has better effect on improving visual health than table tennis,mainly in KVA.In addition,table tennis is suitable for children and adolescents with mild visual impairment while ping-pong is suitable for children and adolescents with severe visual impairment.

关 键 词：乒乓球 学生 视力健康水平 裸眼远视力 动态视力 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]