浮冰作用下铝合金高速船舷侧结构耐撞性能研究  

Research on the crashworthiness of side structure of an aluminum-alloy high-speed ship under ice-floe impacts

作　　者：刘斌[1] 陈楚天 雷加静 董安锐 吴卫国[1] LIU Bin;CHEN Chu-tian;LEI Jia-jing;DONG An-rui;WU Wei-guo(Green Smart River-Sea-Going Ship,Cruise and Yacht Research Centre,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;China Ship Development and Design Center,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学绿色智能江海直达船舶与邮轮游艇研究中心,湖北武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院,湖北武汉430063 [3]中国舰船研究设计中心,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《舰船科学技术》2022年第7期13-19,共7页Ship Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51709212);武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园开放基金资助项目(2020KF0061)。

摘　　要：为分析浮冰载荷作用下铝合金高速船结构的耐撞机理,运用有限元软件Ls-dyna对铝合金高速船舷侧结构与浮冰碰撞开展有限元分析。为准确模拟船体局部结构承载特征,考虑了热影响区中铝合金材料软化对舷侧结构耐撞性能的影响。通过研究舷侧结构在不同位置与不同材料、形状的浮冰发生碰撞时的动态结构响应特性,揭示其变形损伤规律和能量吸收机制,得出最危险的浮冰形状和撞击位置。结果表明:选用的2种冰材料模型Mat.155和Mat.063均能较准确地模拟船-冰碰撞事故中浮冰的力学特性,均可用于对一年生浮冰的有限元分析。在一年生浮冰的撞击作用下,较钝的半球体和正方体形浮冰是最危险的浮冰形式,强肋骨位置是最危险的撞击区域。研究成果可为航行于北方航道的铝合金高速船结构耐撞性设计提供重要的参考价值。To analyze the crashworthiness of an aluminum-alloy high-speed ship under the floating ice loading, it is carried out the finite element analysis of the side structure impacted by various ice floes by using the finite element software Lsdyna. To simulate accurately the bearing characteristics of local hull structures, the effect of the softening of aluminum-alloy material in the heat-affected zone on the crashworthiness of the side structure is considered. The dynamic structural response characteristics of the side structure impacted at different locations and by various ice floes. The ice floes are involved in different material properties and shapes. The structural damage and energy absorption mechanism are revealed, and the most dangerous floating ice shapes and collision locations are obtained. The results show that the two material models, i.e.Mat.155 and Mat.063, can simulate accurately the mechanical properties of floating ice in ship-ice collisions, and can be used in the finite element analysis of annual ice floes. Under the impact of annual ice floes, the hemispherical and cubic ice floes are the most dangerous shapes of ices, and the web frame is the most dangerous collision location. These works can provide an important reference value for the structural design of aluminum-alloy high-speed ships sailing in the northern waterway.

关 键 词：船-冰碰撞 铝合金 焊缝热影响区 耐撞性能 有限元分析 

分 类 号：U661.4[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]