10年前后移居高原人群慢性高原病比较分析  

A comparative study on chronic mountain sickness of plateau migrants within ten years

作　　者：高志奇 谢慎威 高文祥 何文娟[1,4] 殷骏 倪兵 高钰琪[3,4] 陈德伟 GAO Zhi-qi;XIE Shen-wei;GAO Wen-xiang;HE Wen-juan;YIN Jun;NI Bing;GAO Yu-qi;CHEN De-wei(Department of Pathophysiology,College of High Altitude Military Medicine,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China;Department of Infectious Disease,Hospital 953 of PLA Ground Force,Shigatse,Tibet 857000,China;Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region,College of High Altitude Military Medicine,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China;Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine,Ministry of Education of China,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine,PLA,Chongqing 400038,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学高原军事医学系病理生理学教研室,重庆400038 [2]解放军陆军第953医院感染科,西藏日喀则857000 [3]陆军军医大学高原军事医学系高原特需药品与器材研究室,重庆400038 [4]极端环境医学教育部重点实验室,全军高原医学重点实验室,重庆400038

出　　处：《军事医学》2022年第2期90-94,共5页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：陆军军医大学青年培育项目(2018XQN05);陆军军医大学临床医学科研人才课题(2018XLC3048);军委后勤保障部卫生局重点项目(BWS17J031)。

摘　　要：目的 通过对久居高海拔地区人群进行慢性高原病(CMS)调查,并与10年前调查数据进行比较分析,了解CMS患病情况及10年前后变化情况,为CMS的预防和诊断提供依据。方法 应用CMS调查量表对2019年3300-5400 m海拔地区的218名受试对象进行调查,分析其患病情况,并与2009年相同海拔范围的510名受试对象的调查数据进行比较,分析两批数据间的差异。结果 2019年调查对象的CMS患病率(15.60%)较2009年(31.18%)显著降低;在2019年调查对象中,低氧血症、呼吸困难、静脉曲张、局部感觉异常、头痛、耳鸣和血红蛋白浓度升高(≥21 g/dl)的发生率显著降低,紫绀、静脉曲张、局部感觉异常和头痛的评分显著降低,但在CMS患病人群中,睡眠障碍评分显著增高;CMS患病风险随累计高原生活时间显著增高。结论 与2009年相比,2019年高原人群健康水平显著提高,可能与近年来高原人群健康关注度及生活水平提高有关;在各项症状反应评分中,睡眠障碍是影响居民健康的重要指标,在CMS预防和诊断过程中值得重点关注;科学控制高原停留时间,是减少CMS患病的关键手段。Objective To investigate the chronic mountain sickness(CMS)of people who lived on the plateau for a long time,and analyze the difference in the survey data between the year 2009 and the year 2019 so as to provide reference for CMS prevention and diagnosis. Methods The CMS survey index was used in 2019 to investigate 218 subjects who lived on the plateau 3300-5400 meters above sea level and the results were compared with those of 510 subjects surveyed in 2009. Results The results showed that the incidence of CMS decreased significantly in 2019(15.60%)compared with 2009(31.18%). The incidence of hypoxemia,dyspnea,varicose veins,local paresthesia,headache,tinnitus and hemoglobin concentration(≥21 g/dl)decreased significantly among subjects surveyed in 2019,and the severity of cyanosis varices,local sensation abnormality and headache was significantly reduced in the subjects surveyed in 2019.Sleep disorder was an important factor closely related to CMS and it was a relatively stable symptom in both results.Conclusion Compared with 2009,people are healthier in 2019. Sleep disorder might be an important symptom that deserves atlention during prevention and diagnosis of CMS.

关 键 词：高原 低氧 慢性高原病 睡眠障碍 

分 类 号：R594.3[医药卫生—内科学]