不同海拔对人记忆功能的影响  

Effect of different altitudes on human memory

作　　者：曹琪 张颖 吴家林 田京都 杨国愉 CAO Qi;ZHANG Ying;WU Jia-lin;TIAN Jing-du;YANG Guo-yu(Department of Psychiatry,General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region,Urumqi 830000,China;Department of Respiratory Medicine,General Hospital of Xinjiang Military Region,Urumqi 830000,China;Faculty of Medical Psychology,Army Medical University,Chongqing 400038,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆军区总医院精神科,乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆军区总医院呼吸内科,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]陆军军医大学医学心理系,重庆400038

出　　处：《军事医学》2022年第2期95-99,共5页Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：全军后勤科研计划重大项目(AWS17J014)。

摘　　要：目的 探索在不同海拔地区个体记忆功能的变化规律及其影响因素。方法 招募70名志愿者,在1335 m(低海拔)、3681 m(中海拔)、5219 m(高海拔)3个海拔高度利用临床记忆量表开展指向记忆、联想学习、图像自由回忆、无意义图形再认、人像特点联系回忆测验,并对记忆功能的影响因素进行分析。结果 (1)各分测验量表分及记忆商在不同海拔地区之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中,低海拔及中海拔地区的量表分和记忆商均显著高于高海拔地区(P<0.05)。(2)不同性别、学历、岗位受试者的记忆商之间存在显著差异(P<0.001)。(3)在不同海拔地区,记忆商与学历、岗位存在显著相关(P<0.001)。结论 高原环境可能会对个体的记忆功能产生显著影响,且随海拔增高影响愈加显著,同时记忆功能可能与学历存在显著相关性。Objective To investigate the influencing factors and regularity of the working memory at different altitudes. Methods Seventy volunteers were recruited and finished Clinical Memory Scale,involving the pointing memory test,associative learning test,image free recall test,meaningless image recognition test,and portrait feature associative recall test,when exposed to 1335 m(low altitude),3681 m(middle altitude),and 5219 m(high altitude),respectively.The influencing factors of memory function were explored. Results(1)There was statistically significant difference in the scale scores and memory quotients between different altitudes(P<0.001). Among them,the scale score and memory quotient of low and middle altitude areas were significantly higher than those of high altitude areas(P<0.05).(2)There was significant difference in the memory quotient of volunteers of different genders,educational backgrounds and positions(P<0.001).(3)The memory quotient was significantly correlated with levels of education and positions at different altitudes(P<0.001). Conclusion The plateau environment may have a significant effect on individual memory function,and the effect becomes more significant with the increase in altitude. Memory function may be significantly correlated with levels of education.

关 键 词：记忆 临床记忆量表 记忆商 高海拔 含氧量 线性混合效应模型 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R594.3[医药卫生—医学心理学]